וַיַּכֵּ֥הוּ יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל לְפִי־חָ֑רֶב וַיִּירַ֨שׁ אֶת־אַרְצֹ֜ו מֵֽאַרְנֹ֗ן עַד־יַבֹּק֙ עַד־בְּנֵ֣י עַמֹּ֔ון כִּ֣י עַ֔ז גְּב֖וּל בְּנֵ֥י עַמֹּֽון׃
And Yisra’el struck him with the edge of the sword and took possession of his land from Arnon to Yabboq, as far as the sons of Ammon, because the border of the sons of Ammon was strong.
Morphology
- וַיַּכֵּ֥הוּ (vayakkehu) – Root: נכה (nakah); Form: Hifil imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “And he struck him”; Notes: Refers to Yisra’el defeating Sihon.
- יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל (Yisra’el) – Root: שׂרה (sarah); Form: Proper noun, masculine singular; Translation: “Yisra’el”; Notes: Subject of the action.
- לְפִי־חָ֑רֶב (lefi-cherev) – Root: חרב (cherev); Form: Preposition with noun, feminine singular construct; Translation: “with the edge of the sword”; Notes: Describes the means of the victory.
- וַיִּירַ֨שׁ (vayirash) – Root: ירש (yarash); Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with vav-consecutive; Translation: “and he took possession”; Notes: Indicates conquest and settlement.
- אֶת־אַרְצֹ֜ו (et-artzo) – Root: ארץ (eretz); Form: Direct object marker with noun, feminine singular and 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “his land”; Notes: Refers to the territory of Sihon.
- מֵֽאַרְנֹ֗ן (me’Arnon) – Root: ארנ (Arnon); Form: Preposition with proper noun; Translation: “from Arnon”; Notes: Indicates the starting point of the territory.
- עַד־יַבֹּק֙ (ad-Yabboq) – Root: יבק (Yabboq); Form: Preposition with proper noun; Translation: “to Yabboq”; Notes: Indicates the northern boundary of the land.
- עַד־בְּנֵ֣י עַמֹּ֔ון (ad-benei Ammon) – Root: עמם (Ammon); Form: Preposition with noun, masculine plural construct; Translation: “as far as the sons of Ammon”; Notes: Specifies the eastern boundary.
- כִּ֣י עַ֔ז (ki az) – Root: עזז (az); Form: Conjunction with adjective; Translation: “because strong”; Notes: Provides the reason for stopping at this border.
- גְּב֖וּל (gevul) – Root: גבול (gvul); Form: Noun, masculine singular; Translation: “the border”; Notes: Refers to the boundary of the territory.
- בְּנֵ֥י עַמֹּֽון׃ (benei Ammon) – Root: עמם (Ammon); Form: Noun, masculine plural construct; Translation: “the sons of Ammon”; Notes: Refers to the Ammonite people.