כִּ֣י חֶשְׁבֹּ֔ון עִ֗יר סִיחֹ֛ן מֶ֥לֶךְ הָאֱמֹרִ֖י הִ֑וא וְה֣וּא נִלְחַ֗ם בְּמֶ֤לֶךְ מֹואָב֙ הָֽרִאשֹׁ֔ון וַיִּקַּ֧ח אֶת־כָּל־אַרְצֹ֛ו מִיָּדֹ֖ו עַד־אַרְנֹֽן׃
For Ḥeshbon was the city of Siḥon, the king of the Emori, and he had fought against the former king of Mo’av and had taken all his land from his hand as far as Arnon.
Morphology
- כִּ֣י (ki) – Root: כי (ki); Form: Conjunction; Translation: “For”; Notes: Introduces an explanation.
- חֶשְׁבֹּ֔ון (Ḥeshbon) – Root: חשׁב (chashav); Form: Proper noun, feminine singular; Translation: “Ḥeshbon”; Notes: Refers to a major city of the Emori.
- עִ֗יר (ir) – Root: עיר (ir); Form: Noun, feminine singular; Translation: “city”; Notes: Specifies Ḥeshbon as a city.
- סִיחֹ֛ן (Sihon) – Root: סיח (Sich); Form: Proper noun, masculine singular; Translation: “Sihon”; Notes: Refers to the king of the Emori.
- מֶ֥לֶךְ (melech) – Root: מלך (melech); Form: Noun, masculine singular construct; Translation: “king of”; Notes: Indicates Sihon’s title.
- הָאֱמֹרִ֖י (ha’Emori) – Root: אמר (amar); Form: Proper noun, masculine singular with definite article; Translation: “the Emori”; Notes: Refers to the Amorite people.
- הִ֑וא (hi) – Root: הוא (hu); Form: Pronoun, feminine singular; Translation: “it was”; Notes: Refers back to Ḥeshbon.
- וְה֣וּא (vehu) – Root: הוא (hu); Form: Pronoun, masculine singular; Translation: “and he”; Notes: Refers to Sihon.
- נִלְחַ֗ם (nilcham) – Root: לחם (lacham); Form: Niphal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “had fought”; Notes: Describes Sihon’s previous military action.
- בְּמֶ֤לֶךְ (be’melech) – Root: מלך (melech); Form: Preposition with noun, masculine singular construct; Translation: “against the king of”; Notes: Indicates the opponent.
- מֹואָב֙ (Mo’av) – Root: מואב (Mo’av); Form: Proper noun, masculine singular; Translation: “Mo’av”; Notes: Refers to the territory of Mo’av.
- הָֽרִאשֹׁ֔ון (harishon) – Root: ראש (rosh); Form: Adjective, masculine singular; Translation: “the former”; Notes: Describes the previous king of Mo’av.
- וַיִּקַּ֧ח (vayikkaḥ) – Root: לקח (laqach); Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with vav-consecutive; Translation: “and he took”; Notes: Refers to Sihon seizing land.
- אֶת־כָּל־אַרְצֹ֛ו (et-kol-artzo) – Root: ארץ (eretz); Form: Direct object marker with noun, feminine singular and 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “all his land”; Notes: Refers to the land taken by Sihon.
- מִיָּדֹ֖ו (miyado) – Root: יד (yad); Form: Preposition with noun, feminine singular construct and 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “from his hand”; Notes: Indicates possession or control.
- עַד־אַרְנֹֽן׃ (ad-Arnon) – Root: ארנ (Arnon); Form: Preposition with proper noun; Translation: “as far as Arnon”; Notes: Specifies the boundary of the conquered land.