וְלִפְנֵ֨י אֶלְעָזָ֤ר הַכֹּהֵן֙ יַעֲמֹ֔ד וְשָׁ֥אַל לֹ֛ו בְּמִשְׁפַּ֥ט הָאוּרִ֖ים לִפְנֵ֣י יְהוָ֑ה עַל־פִּ֨יו יֵצְא֜וּ וְעַל־פִּ֣יו יָבֹ֗אוּ ה֛וּא וְכָל־בְּנֵי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֥ל אִתֹּ֖ו וְכָל־הָעֵדָֽה׃
And he shall stand before Eleʿazar the priest, who shall inquire for him by the judgment of the Urim before YHWH. At his command they shall go out, and at his command they shall come in, he and all the sons of Yisraʾel with him, and all the congregation.”
Morphology
- וְלִפְנֵ֨י (velifnei) – Root: פנה (panah); Form: Conjunction וְ + preposition לְ + noun masculine plural construct; Translation: “And before”; Notes: Indicates the presence of Elʿazar.
- אֶלְעָזָ֤ר (Elʿazar) – Root: עזר (ʿazar); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Elʿazar”; Notes: The priest and son of Aharon.
- הַכֹּהֵן֙ (hakohen) – Root: כהן (kohen); Form: Definite article הַ + noun masculine singular; Translation: “The priest”; Notes: Denotes Elʿazar’s role as priest.
- יַעֲמֹ֔ד (yaʿamod) – Root: עמד (ʿamad); Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “He shall stand”; Notes: Describes the action of standing in reverence or inquiry.
- וְשָׁ֥אַל (veshaʾal) – Root: שׁאל (shaʾal); Form: Conjunction וְ + Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And he shall inquire”; Notes: Refers to seeking divine judgment through the Urim.
- לֹ֛ו (lo) – Root: ל־ (l-) + הוא (huʾ); Form: Preposition לְ + third person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “For him”; Notes: Refers to Yehoshua.
- בְּמִשְׁפַּ֥ט (bemishpat) – Root: שׁפט (shafat); Form: Preposition בְּ + noun masculine singular construct; Translation: “By the judgment of”; Notes: Indicates a divine legal decision.
- הָאוּרִ֖ים (haʾurim) – Root: אור (ʾur); Form: Definite article הַ + noun masculine plural; Translation: “The Urim”; Notes: A priestly instrument for divine inquiry.
- לִפְנֵ֣י (lifnei) – Root: פנה (panah); Form: Preposition לְ + noun masculine plural construct; Translation: “Before”; Notes: Indicates presence before YHWH.
- יְהוָ֑ה (YHWH) – Root: הוה (hawah); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The Tetragrammaton, referring to the divine name.
- עַל־פִּ֨יו (ʿal-piv) – Root: פה (peh); Form: Preposition עַל + noun masculine singular construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “At his command”; Notes: Indicates Yehoshua’s leadership authority.
- יֵצְא֜וּ (yetseʾu) – Root: יצא (yatsaʾ); Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “They shall go out”; Notes: Refers to movement initiated under Yehoshua’s command.
- וְעַל־פִּ֣יו (veʿal-piv) – Root: פה (peh); Form: Conjunction וְ + preposition עַל + noun masculine singular construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “And at his command”; Notes: Parallel structure for emphasis.
- יָבֹ֗אוּ (yavoʾu) – Root: בוא (boʾ); Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “They shall come in”; Notes: Indicates returning under Yehoshua’s leadership.
- ה֛וּא (huʾ) – Root: הוא (huʾ); Form: Pronoun masculine singular; Translation: “He”; Notes: Refers to Yehoshua.
- וְכָל־בְּנֵי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֥ל (vekhol-benei-Yisraʾel) – Root: כל (kol), בן (ben), שרא (sarah); Form: Conjunction וְ + noun masculine singular construct + proper noun; Translation: “And all the sons of Yisraʾel”; Notes: Refers to the entire nation.
- אִתֹּ֖ו (itto) – Root: את (ʾet); Form: Preposition אֶת + third person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “With him”; Notes: Indicates unity under Yehoshua’s leadership.
- וְכָל־הָעֵדָֽה (vekhol-haʿedah) – Root: עדה (ʿedah); Form: Conjunction וְ + noun feminine singular with definite article; Translation: “And all the congregation”; Notes: Refers to the collective assembly of Israel.