וּבֶעָשֹׂור֩ לַחֹ֨דֶשׁ הַשְּׁבִיעִ֜י הַזֶּ֗ה מִֽקְרָא־קֹ֨דֶשׁ֙ יִהְיֶ֣ה לָכֶ֔ם וְעִנִּיתֶ֖ם אֶת־נַפְשֹׁתֵיכֶ֑ם כָּל־מְלָאכָ֖ה לֹ֥א תַעֲשֽׂוּ׃
And on the tenth of this seventh month, there shall be a sacred assembly for you, and you shall afflict your souls. You shall not do any work.
Morphology
- וּבֶעָשֹׂור֩ (ubeʿasor) – Root: עשר (ʿasar); Form: Conjunction וּ + preposition בְּ + noun masculine singular; Translation: “And on the tenth”; Notes: Refers to the specific day of the month.
- לַחֹ֨דֶשׁ (laḥodesh) – Root: חדש (ḥadash); Form: Preposition לְ + noun masculine singular with definite article; Translation: “Of the month”; Notes: Indicates the time frame.
- הַשְּׁבִיעִ֜י (hashəviʿi) – Root: שבע (shevaʿ); Form: Adjective masculine singular with definite article; Translation: “The seventh”; Notes: Specifies the ordinal month.
- הַזֶּ֗ה (hazzeh) – Root: זה (zeh); Form: Demonstrative pronoun masculine singular; Translation: “This”; Notes: Points to the specific month.
- מִֽקְרָא־קֹ֨דֶשׁ֙ (miqra-qodesh) – Root: קרה (qaraʾ); Form: Noun masculine singular construct + noun masculine singular; Translation: “A sacred assembly”; Notes: Refers to a holy convocation.
- יִהְיֶ֣ה (yihyeh) – Root: היה (hayah); Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “Shall be”; Notes: Describes the future state.
- לָכֶ֔ם (lakhem) – Root: לכם (lakhem); Form: Preposition לְ + pronoun 2nd person masculine plural; Translation: “For you”; Notes: Directs the instruction to the audience.
- וְעִנִּיתֶ֖ם (veʿinnitem) – Root: ענה (ʿanah); Form: Conjunction וְ + Piel perfect 2nd person masculine plural; Translation: “And you shall afflict”; Notes: Refers to fasting or humbling oneself.
- אֶת־נַפְשֹׁתֵיכֶ֑ם (ʾet-nafshoteikhem) – Root: נפש (nefesh); Form: Definite direct object marker + noun feminine plural construct with 2nd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “Your souls”; Notes: Indicates personal affliction.
- כָּל־מְלָאכָ֖ה (kol-melakhah) – Root: מלא (malaʾ); Form: Noun feminine singular construct; Translation: “Any work”; Notes: Refers to all forms of labor.
- לֹ֥א תַעֲשֽׂוּ (loʾ taʿasu) – Root: עשה (ʿasah); Form: Negative particle לֹא + Qal imperfect 2nd person masculine plural; Translation: “You shall not do”; Notes: A prohibition against work.