וְלֹ֧א תְטַמֵּ֣א אֶת־הָאָ֗רֶץ אֲשֶׁ֤ר אַתֶּם֙ יֹשְׁבִ֣ים בָּ֔הּ אֲשֶׁ֥ר אֲנִ֖י שֹׁכֵ֣ן בְּתֹוכָ֑הּ כִּ֚י אֲנִ֣י יְהוָ֔ה שֹׁכֵ֕ן בְּתֹ֖וךְ בְּנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃ פ
And you shall not defile the land in which you dwell, in which I dwell, for I, YHWH, dwell in the midst of the children of Yisraʾel.
Morphology
- וְלֹ֧א (velo) – Root: לא (lo); Form: Conjunction with negative particle; Translation: “And not”; Notes: Introduces a prohibition.
- תְטַמֵּ֣א (tetame) – Root: טמא (ṭmʾ); Form: Piel imperfect 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “defile”; Notes: Refers to causing ritual impurity.
- אֶת־הָאָ֗רֶץ (et-ha-aretz) – Root: ארץ (ʾrṣ); Form: Direct object marker with noun, feminine singular with definite article; Translation: “the land”; Notes: Refers to the promised land.
- אֲשֶׁ֤ר (asher) – Root: אשר (ʾshr); Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “which”; Notes: Introduces a relative clause.
- אַתֶּם֙ (atem) – Root: אתם (ʾtm); Form: Pronoun, 2nd person masculine plural; Translation: “you”; Notes: Refers to the Israelites.
- יֹשְׁבִ֣ים (yoshvim) – Root: ישׁב (yshv); Form: Qal participle masculine plural; Translation: “dwelling”; Notes: Describes a state of habitation.
- בָּ֔הּ (bah) – Root: בוא (bwʾ); Form: Preposition with 3rd person feminine singular suffix; Translation: “in it”; Notes: Refers to the land.
- אֲשֶׁ֥ר (asher) – Root: אשר (ʾshr); Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “which”; Notes: Links the dwelling to YHWH’s presence.
- אֲנִ֖י (ani) – Root: אנא (ʾnʾ); Form: Pronoun, 1st person singular; Translation: “I”; Notes: Refers to YHWH.
- שֹׁכֵ֣ן (shoken) – Root: שכן (shkn); Form: Qal participle masculine singular; Translation: “dwelling”; Notes: Indicates YHWH’s presence.
- בְּתֹוכָ֑הּ (be-tokhah) – Root: תוך (tʾk); Form: Preposition with noun, masculine singular with 3rd person feminine singular suffix; Translation: “within it”; Notes: Refers to YHWH’s dwelling in the land.
- כִּ֚י (ki) – Root: כי (ki); Form: Conjunction; Translation: “for”; Notes: Introduces a reason.
- אֲנִ֣י (ani) – Root: אנא (ʾnʾ); Form: Pronoun, 1st person singular; Translation: “I”; Notes: Refers to YHWH.
- יְהוָ֔ה (YHWH) – Root: יהוה (yhwh); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The divine name.
- שֹׁכֵ֕ן (shoken) – Root: שכן (shkn); Form: Qal participle masculine singular; Translation: “dwelling”; Notes: Describes YHWH’s continual presence.
- בְּתֹ֖וךְ (be-tokh) – Root: תוך (tʾk); Form: Preposition with noun, masculine singular; Translation: “in the midst of”; Notes: Refers to YHWH’s proximity to the people.
- בְּנֵ֥י (benei) – Root: בן (bn); Form: Construct form of noun, masculine plural; Translation: “the children of”; Notes: Indicates lineage or descendants.
- יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃ (Yisra’el) – Root: שרי (shr) + אל (ʾl); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Yisra’el”; Notes: Refers to the nation of Israel.