כִּ֗י כַּֽאֲשֶׁ֤ר שְׁתִיתֶם֙ עַל־הַ֣ר קָדְשִׁ֔י יִשְׁתּ֥וּ כָֽל־הַגֹּויִ֖ם תָּמִ֑יד וְשָׁת֣וּ וְלָע֔וּ וְהָי֖וּ כְּלֹ֥וא הָיֽוּ׃
For as you have drunk upon My holy mountain, all the nations shall drink continually; and they shall drink and swallow, and they shall be as though they had not been.
Morphology
- כִּ֗י (ki) – Root: כי (k-y); Form: Conjunction; Translation: “for”; Notes: Introduces the explanation for the coming judgment.
- כַּֽאֲשֶׁ֤ר (ka-asher) – Root: אשר (ʾ-sh-r); Form: Particle with prefix כְּ; Translation: “as / just as”; Notes: Draws a comparison.
- שְׁתִיתֶם֙ (shetitem) – Root: שתה (sh-t-h); Form: Qal perfect 2mp; Translation: “you have drunk”; Notes: Directed at Edom, symbolizing their violence.
- עַל־ (ʿal) – Root: על (ʿ-l); Form: Preposition עַל; Translation: “upon”; Notes: Locates the offense.
- הַ֣ר (har) – Root: הר (h-r); Form: Definite noun masculine singular; Translation: “the mountain”; Notes: Refers to Zion.
- קָדְשִׁ֔י (qodshi) – Root: קדשׁ (q-d-sh); Form: Noun masculine singular + suffix 1cs; Translation: “My holy”; Notes: YHWH’s holy mountain—Zion.
- יִשְׁתּ֥וּ (yishtu) – Root: שתה (sh-t-h); Form: Qal imperfect 3mp; Translation: “they shall drink”; Notes: The nations will experience judgment symbolized as drinking.
- כָֽל־ (kol) – Root: כל (k-l); Form: Noun masculine singular construct; Translation: “all of”; Notes: Universal scope of the judgment.
- הַגֹּויִ֖ם (ha-goyim) – Root: גוי (g-w-y); Form: Definite noun masculine plural; Translation: “the nations”; Notes: Refers broadly to all the nations hostile to Yisraʾel.
- תָּמִ֑יד (tamid) – Root: תמיד (t-m-y-d); Form: Adverb; Translation: “continually”; Notes: Suggests ongoing or complete judgment.
- וְשָׁת֣וּ (ve-shatu) – Root: שתה (sh-t-h); Form: Conjunction וְ + Qal perfect 3mp; Translation: “and they drank”; Notes: Continues the imagery of forced drinking.
- וְלָע֔וּ (ve-laʿu) – Root: לעע (l-ʿ-ʿ); Form: Conjunction וְ + Qal perfect 3mp; Translation: “and they swallowed”; Notes: Implies consuming to the point of destruction.
- וְהָי֖וּ (ve-hayu) – Root: היה (h-y-h); Form: Conjunction וְ + Qal perfect 3mp; Translation: “and they became”; Notes: Result clause.
- כְּלֹ֥וא (ke-lo) – Root: לא (l-ʾ); Form: Preposition כְּ + negative particle; Translation: “as though not”; Notes: Expression of annihilation.
- הָיֽוּ (hayu) – Root: היה (h-y-h); Form: Qal perfect 3mp; Translation: “they had been”; Notes: Intensifies the idea of total disappearance.