לִשְׁפֹּ֥ט יָתֹ֗ום וָ֫דָ֥ךְ בַּל־יֹוסִ֥יף עֹ֑וד לַעֲרֹ֥ץ אֱ֝נֹ֗ושׁ מִן־הָאָֽרֶץ׃
To judge the orphan and the oppressed so that man from the earth will not continue any longer to terrify.
| # | Hebrew | Transliteration | Literal Gloss | Morph Tag |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | לִשְׁפֹּט | lishpot | “to judge” | Prep לְ + Qal infinitive construct |
| 2 | יָתֹום | yatom | “orphan” | Noun masculine singular |
| 3 | וָדָךְ | va-dakh | “and oppressed” | Conj וְ + adjective masculine singular |
| 4 | בַּל | bal | “not” | Negative particle |
| 5 | יֹוסִיף | yosif | “he will continue” | Hiphil imperfect 3ms |
| 6 | עֹוד | ʿod | “again / any longer” | Adverb |
| 7 | לַעֲרֹץ | la-ʿarots | “to terrify” | Prep לְ + Qal infinitive construct |
| 8 | אֱנֹושׁ | ʾenosh | “man” | Noun masculine singular |
| 9 | מִן־הָאָֽרֶץ | min-ha-ʾarets | “from the earth” | Prep מִן + Def. art. הַ + Noun feminine singular |
Morphology
- לִשְׁפֹּט (lishpot) – Root: שׁפט (shafat); Root Type: Strong; Binyan: Qal; Form: Preposition לְ + infinitive construct; Translation: “to judge”; Notes: Indicates purpose: the divine act of administering justice.
- יָתֹום (yatom) – Root: יתם (y-t-m); Root Type: I-Yod (weak); Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “orphan”; Notes: A vulnerable child lacking parental protection.
- וָדָךְ (va-dakh) – Root: דכך (d-k-kh); Root Type: Geminate; Form: Conjunction וְ + adjective masculine singular; Translation: “and oppressed”; Notes: Describes a crushed or downtrodden person.
- בַּל (bal) – Root: —; Root Type: Particle; Form: Negative particle; Translation: “not”; Notes: A poetic negative often used in Psalms.
- יֹוסִיף (yosif) – Root: יסף (yasaf); Root Type: I-Yod (weak); Binyan: Hiphil; Form: Imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “he will continue / add”; Notes: Expresses continuation of oppressive action.
- עֹוד (ʿod) – Root: עוד (ʿ-w-d); Root Type: Hollow; Form: Adverb; Translation: “again / any longer”; Notes: Temporal marker emphasizing continuation.
- לַעֲרֹץ (laʿarots) – Root: ערץ (ʿ-r-ts); Root Type: I-Guttural (weak); Binyan: Qal; Form: Preposition לְ + infinitive construct; Translation: “to terrify”; Notes: Describes intimidation or violent oppression.
- אֱנֹושׁ (ʾenosh) – Root: אנשׁ (ʾ-n-sh); Root Type: I-Aleph (weak); Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “man”; Notes: Highlights the frailty and mortality of humanity.
- מִן־הָאָֽרֶץ (min-haʾarets) – Root: ארץ (ʾ-r-ts); Root Type: I-Aleph (weak); Form: Preposition מִן + definite article הַ + noun feminine singular; Translation: “from the earth”; Notes: Indicates the earthly origin of oppressive humanity.