אָלָ֤ה פִּ֣יהוּ מָ֭לֵא וּמִרְמֹ֣ות וָתֹ֑ךְ תַּ֥חַת לְ֝שֹׁונֹ֗ו עָמָ֥ל וָאָֽוֶן׃
Cursing his mouth is full and deceit and oppression. Under his tongue are trouble and iniquity.
| # | Hebrew | Transliteration | Literal Gloss | Morph Tag |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | אָלָה | ʾalah | “cursing” | N(fs) |
| 2 | פִּיהוּ | pihu | “his mouth” | N(ms) + suff 3ms |
| 3 | מָלֵא | male | “is full” | Adj(ms) |
| 4 | וּמִרְמֹות | u-mirmot | “and deceit” | Conj וְ + N(fp) |
| 5 | וָתֹךְ | va-tokh | “and oppression” | Conj וְ + N(ms) |
| 6 | תַּחַת | taḥat | “under” | Preposition |
| 7 | לְשֹׁונוֹ | leshono | “his tongue” | N(fs) + suff 3ms |
| 8 | עָמָל | ʿamal | “trouble / toil” | N(ms) |
| 9 | וָאָוֶן | va-aven | “and iniquity” | Conj וְ + N(ms) |
Morphology
- אָלָה (ʾalah) – Root: אלה (ʾ-l-h); Root Type: I-Aleph (weak); Form: Noun feminine singular; Translation: “cursing”; Notes: Refers to oath-cursing or malicious speech uttered by the wicked.
- פִּיהוּ (pihu) – Root: פה (p-h); Root Type: III-He (weak); Form: Noun masculine singular + suffix 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “his mouth”; Notes: The organ of speech symbolizing the source of his words.
- מָלֵא (male) – Root: מלא (m-l-ʾ); Root Type: III-Aleph (weak); Form: Adjective masculine singular; Translation: “full”; Notes: Describes the abundance of corrupt speech issuing from the wicked.
- וּמִרְמֹות (u-mirmot) – Root: רמה (r-m-h); Root Type: III-He (weak); Form: Conjunction וְ + noun feminine plural; Translation: “and deceits”; Notes: Indicates deliberate deception and fraud.
- וָתֹךְ (va-tokh) – Root: תוך (t-w-k); Root Type: Hollow (weak); Form: Conjunction וְ + noun masculine singular; Translation: “and oppression”; Notes: Often refers to oppression or violence hidden within speech.
- תַּחַת (taḥat) – Root: — ; Root Type: Particle; Form: Preposition; Translation: “under”; Notes: Introduces the metaphor of hidden intent beneath the tongue.
- לְשֹׁונֹו (leshono) – Root: לשׁן (l-sh-n); Root Type: Strong; Form: Noun feminine singular + suffix 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “his tongue”; Notes: Represents speech and the hidden intent behind words.
- עָמָל (ʿamal) – Root: עמל (ʿ-m-l); Root Type: Strong; Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “trouble”; Notes: Refers to harmful toil, trouble, or mischief inflicted on others.
- וָאָוֶן (va-aven) – Root: און (ʾ-w-n); Root Type: I-Aleph (weak); Form: Conjunction וְ + noun masculine singular; Translation: “and iniquity”; Notes: Denotes moral corruption or wickedness concealed beneath speech.