מָלַ֣ךְ אֱ֭לֹהִים עַל־גֹּויִ֑ם אֱ֝לֹהִ֗ים יָשַׁ֤ב עַל־כִּסֵּ֬א קָדְשֹֽׁו׃
God has reigned over nations; God has sat upon the throne of His holiness.
| # | Hebrew | Transliteration | Literal Gloss | Morph Tag |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | מָלַךְ | malakh | “he has reigned” | Qal perfect 3ms |
| 2 | אֱלֹהִים | Elohim | “God” | N(mp) |
| 3 | עַל־גֹּויִם | ʿal-goyim | “over nations” | Prep עַל + N(mp) |
| 4 | אֱלֹהִים | Elohim | “God” | N(mp) |
| 5 | יָשַׁב | yashav | “he has sat” | Qal perfect 3ms |
| 6 | עַל־כִּסֵּא | ʿal-kisseʾ | “upon the throne of” | Prep עַל + N(ms construct) |
| 7 | קָדְשֹׁו | qodsho | “His holiness” | N(ms) + suff 3ms |
Morphology
- מָלַךְ (malakh) – Root: מלך (m-l-k); Root Type: Strong; Binyan: Qal; Form: Perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “he has reigned”; Notes: Indicates completed or established kingship, emphasizing divine sovereignty.
- אֱלֹהִים (Elohim) – Root: אלה (ʾ-l-h); Root Type: I-Guttural (א) (weak); Form: Noun masculine plural; Translation: “God”; Notes: Morphologically plural but refers to the singular God of Yisraʾel.
- עַל־גֹּויִם (ʿal-goyim) – Root: על (ʿ-l); Root Type: Particle (Strong); Form: Preposition עַל + noun masculine plural; Translation: “over nations”; Notes: Expresses dominion over multiple peoples.
- אֱלֹהִים (Elohim) – Root: אלה (ʾ-l-h); Root Type: I-Guttural (א) (weak); Form: Noun masculine plural; Translation: “God”; Notes: Repetition emphasizes the subject and divine authority.
- יָשַׁב (yashav) – Root: ישׁב (y-š-b); Root Type: I-Yod (weak); Binyan: Qal; Form: Perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “he has sat”; Notes: Often used for enthronement, indicating settled and established rule.
- עַל־כִּסֵּא (ʿal-kisseʾ) – Root: כסא (k-s-ʾ); Root Type: III-Aleph (weak); Form: Preposition עַל + noun masculine singular construct (state: construct); Translation: “upon the throne of”; Notes: The construct form links to the following noun, indicating possession.
- קָדְשֹׁו (qodsho) – Root: קדשׁ (q-d-š); Root Type: Strong; Form: Noun masculine singular + suffix 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “His holiness”; Notes: Refers to the holy nature belonging to God, emphasizing purity and separateness.