וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אֵלָ֔ו רֻ֗ץ דַּבֵּ֛ר אֶל־הַנַּ֥עַר הַלָּ֖ז לֵאמֹ֑ר פְּרָזֹות֙ תֵּשֵׁ֣ב יְרוּשָׁלִַ֔ם מֵרֹ֥ב אָדָ֛ם וּבְהֵמָ֖ה בְּתֹוכָֽהּ׃
And he said to him, “Run, speak to that young man, saying, ‘Yerushalayim shall dwell as open regions because of the multitude of man and beast in her.
Morphology
- וַיֹּאמֶר (va-yomer) — Root: אמר (ʾamar); Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3ms; Translation: “And he said”; Notes: The second messenger gives an instruction.
- אֵלָו (elav) — Root: אל (ʾel); Form: Preposition אֶל + suffix 3ms; Translation: “to him”; Notes: Addresses the first messenger.
- רֻץ (ruts) — Root: רוץ (ruts); Form: Qal imperative 2ms; Translation: “Run”; Notes: Urgent command to deliver a message quickly.
- דַּבֵּר (dabber) — Root: דבר (davar); Form: Piel imperative 2ms; Translation: “Speak”; Notes: Piel emphasizes proclamation.
- אֶל־הַנַּעַר (el-ha-naʿar) — Root: נער (naʿar); Form: Preposition אֶל + definite noun masculine singular; Translation: “to the young man”; Notes: Identifies the addressee of the message.
- הַלָּז (hallaz) — Root: לזה (lazeh); Form: Demonstrative adjective masculine singular with article; Translation: “that”; Notes: Stresses specificity.
- לֵאמֹר (leʾemor) — Root: אמר (ʾamar); Form: Preposition לְ + infinitive construct; Translation: “saying”; Notes: Introduces the following prophetic message.
- פְּרָזֹות (perazot) — Root: פרז (perez); Form: Noun feminine plural; Translation: “open regions”; Notes: Refers to unwalled, spacious settlements.
- תֵּשֵׁב (teshev) — Root: ישׁב (yashav); Form: Qal imperfect 3fs; Translation: “she shall dwell”; Notes: “She” refers to Yerushalayim.
- יְרוּשָׁלַם (Yerushalayim) — Root: ירושלם (Yerushalayim); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Yerushalayim”; Notes: City as subject of dwelling.
- מֵרֹב (me-rov) — Root: רבב (ravav); Form: Preposition מִן + noun masculine singular; Translation: “because of the multitude”; Notes: Indicates the cause for expansion.
- אָדָם (adam) — Root: אדם (adam); Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “man”; Notes: Refers collectively to population.
- וּבְהֵמָה (u-vehemah) — Root: בהם (behem); Form: Conjunction + preposition בְּ + noun feminine singular; Translation: “and beast”; Notes: Livestock contributing to population density.
- בְּתֹוכָהּ (be-tokhah) — Root: תוך (tokh); Form: Preposition בְּ + noun masculine singular + suffix 3fs; Translation: “in her”; Notes: Refers to Yerushalayim’s inner space.