וַיְהִ֨י שָׂטָ֤ן לְיִשְׂרָאֵל֙ כָּל־יְמֵ֣י שְׁלֹמֹ֔ה וְאֶת־הָרָעָ֖ה אֲשֶׁ֣ר הֲדָ֑ד וַיָּ֨קָץ֙ בְּיִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל וַיִּמְלֹ֖ךְ עַל־אֲרָֽם׃ פ
And he was an adversary to Yisraʾel all the days of Shelomo, and the evil that Hadad did; and he abhorred Yisraʾel and reigned over Aram.
Morphology
- וַיְהִ֨י (va-yehi) – Root: היה (h.y.h); Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And he was”; Notes: Marks the beginning of a narrative clause.
- שָׂטָ֤ן (satan) – Root: שׂטן (ś.t.n); Form: Noun, masculine singular; Translation: “adversary”; Notes: Refers to a political or military opponent, not necessarily supernatural.
- לְיִשְׂרָאֵל֙ (le-Yisraʾel) – Root: ישראל (y.s.r.ʾ.l); Form: Preposition + proper noun; Translation: “to Yisraʾel”; Notes: Indicates the object of hostility.
- כָּל־יְמֵ֣י (kol-yemei) – Root: יום (y.w.m); Form: Construct noun phrase; Translation: “all the days of”; Notes: Indicates the duration of opposition.
- שְׁלֹמֹ֔ה (Shelomoh) – Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Shelomoh”; Notes: King of Yisraʾel during whose reign the opposition occurred.
- וְאֶת־הָרָעָ֖ה (ve-et-ha-raʿah) – Root: רעע (r.ʿ.ʿ); Form: Conjunction + direct object marker + noun, feminine singular; Translation: “and the evil”; Notes: Refers to hostile acts.
- אֲשֶׁ֣ר (ʾasher) – Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “that”; Notes: Introduces the relative clause describing the evil acts.
- הֲדָ֑ד (Hadad) – Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Hadad”; Notes: Edomite adversary of Yisraʾel.
- וַיָּ֨קָץ֙ (va-yaqotz) – Root: קוץ (q.w.ts); Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “and he abhorred”; Notes: Indicates deep animosity toward Yisraʾel.
- בְּיִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל (be-Yisraʾel) – Form: Preposition + proper noun; Translation: “against Yisraʾel” or “toward Yisraʾel”; Notes: Object of hatred.
- וַיִּמְלֹ֖ךְ (va-yimlokh) – Root: מלך (m.l.k); Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “and he reigned”; Notes: Refers to Hadad’s rule.
- עַל־אֲרָֽם (ʿal-Aram) – Root: ארם (ʾ.r.m); Form: Preposition + proper noun; Translation: “over Aram”; Notes: Aram (Syria), the region ruled by Hadad.