וְאַתֶּ֨ם הַיֹּ֜ום מְאַסְתֶּ֣ם אֶת־אֱלֹהֵיכֶ֗ם אֲשֶׁר־ה֣וּא מֹושִׁ֣יעַ לָכֶם֮ מִכָּל־רָעֹותֵיכֶ֣ם וְצָרֹֽתֵיכֶם֒ וַתֹּ֣אמְרוּ לֹ֔ו כִּי־מֶ֖לֶךְ תָּשִׂ֣ים עָלֵ֑ינוּ וְעַתָּ֗ה הִֽתְיַצְּבוּ֙ לִפְנֵ֣י יְהוָ֔ה לְשִׁבְטֵיכֶ֖ם וּלְאַלְפֵיכֶֽם׃
But today you have rejected your God, who saves you from all your calamities and your troubles, and you have said to Him, ‘Set a king over us!’ So now, present yourselves before YHWH by your tribes and by your thousands.”
Morphology
- וְאַתֶּ֨ם (ve-atem) – Root: אתם (atem); Form: Pronoun, 2nd person masculine plural; Translation: “but you”; Notes: Emphatic pronoun.
- הַיֹּ֜ום (ha-yom) – Root: יום (yom); Form: Noun, masculine singular, definite; Translation: “today”; Notes: Indicates present time.
- מְאַסְתֶּ֣ם (meʾastem) – Root: מאס (maʾas); Form: Qal perfect 2nd person masculine plural; Translation: “you have rejected”; Notes: Expresses disapproval or abandonment.
- אֶת־אֱלֹהֵיכֶ֗ם (et-Eloheikhem) – Root: אלהים (Elohim); Form: Noun, masculine plural construct + 2nd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “your Elohim”; Notes: Refers to YHWH.
- אֲשֶׁר־ה֣וּא (asher-hu) – Root: אשר (asher) + הוא (hu); Form: Relative pronoun + pronoun, 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “who He”; Notes: Introduces a relative clause.
- מֹושִׁ֣יעַ (moshiaʿ) – Root: ישׁע (yashaʿ); Form: Hiphil participle, masculine singular; Translation: “saves”; Notes: Ongoing action of deliverance.
- לָכֶם֮ (lakhem) – Root: ל (le); Form: Preposition with 2nd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “for you”; Notes: Indicating the beneficiaries.
- מִכָּל־רָעֹותֵיכֶ֣ם (mi-kol-raʿotkhem) – Root: רע (raʿ); Form: Preposition + noun, feminine plural construct + 2nd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “from all your calamities”; Notes: Expresses divine protection.
- וְצָרֹֽתֵיכֶם֒ (ve-tsarotekhem) – Root: צרה (tsarah); Form: Noun, feminine plural construct + 2nd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “and your troubles”; Notes: Parallel to calamities.
- וַתֹּ֣אמְרוּ (va-tomru) – Root: אמר (ʾamar); Form: Qal wayyiqtol 2nd person masculine plural; Translation: “and you said”; Notes: Expresses spoken intent.
- לֹ֔ו (lo) – Root: ל (le); Form: Preposition with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “to Him”; Notes: Directing speech to YHWH.
- כִּי־מֶ֖לֶךְ (ki-melekh) – Root: מלך (melekh); Form: Conjunction + noun, masculine singular; Translation: “for a king”; Notes: Expresses reason.
- תָּשִׂ֣ים (tasim) – Root: שים (sim); Form: Qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “you shall set”; Notes: Refers to the establishment of a ruler.
- עָלֵ֑ינוּ (ʿaleinu) – Root: על (ʿal); Form: Preposition with 1st person plural suffix; Translation: “over us”; Notes: Indicates rule or authority.
- וְעַתָּ֗ה (ve-ʿattah) – Root: עתה (ʿattah); Form: Adverb; Translation: “so now”; Notes: Marks transition to command.
- הִֽתְיַצְּבוּ֙ (hityatzvu) – Root: יצב (yatsav); Form: Hitpael imperative masculine plural; Translation: “stand”; Notes: Command to present themselves.
- לִפְנֵ֣י (lifnei) – Root: פנה (panah); Form: Preposition + noun, masculine singular construct; Translation: “before”; Notes: Indicates presence.
- יְהוָ֔ה (YHWH) – Root: יהוה (YHWH); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The divine name.
- לְשִׁבְטֵיכֶ֖ם (le-shivtekhem) – Root: שבט (shevet); Form: Noun, masculine plural construct + 2nd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “by your tribes”; Notes: Designates division by lineage.
- וּלְאַלְפֵיכֶֽם (u-le-alfeikhem) – Root: אלף (elef); Form: Noun, masculine plural construct + 2nd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “and by your thousands”; Notes: Military or administrative divisions.