1 Samuel 13:19

וְחָרָשׁ֙ לֹ֣א יִמָּצֵ֔א בְּכֹ֖ל אֶ֣רֶץ יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל כִּֽי־אָמְרוּ פְלִשְׁתִּ֔ים פֶּ֚ן יַעֲשׂ֣וּ הָעִבְרִ֔ים חֶ֖רֶב אֹ֥ו חֲנִֽית׃

And a blacksmith was not to be found in all the land of Yisraʾel, for the Pelishtim said, “Lest the ʿIvrim make for themselves a sword or a spear.”

Morphology

1. וְחָרָשׁ֙ (ve-ḥarash) – Root: חרש (ḥarash); Form: Noun, masculine singular absolute with conjunction; Translation: “And a blacksmith”; Notes: Refers to a craftsman or metalworker.
2. לֹ֣א (lo) – Root: לא (lo); Form: Negative particle; Translation: “not”; Notes: Negates the verb.
3. יִמָּצֵ֔א (yimmatse) – Root: מצא (matsaʾ); Form: Nifal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “was to be found”; Notes: Passive construction.
4. בְּכֹ֖ל (be-khol) – Root: כל (khol); Form: Preposition with noun, masculine singular absolute; Translation: “in all”; Notes: Denotes totality.
5. אֶ֣רֶץ (ʾeretz) – Root: ארץ (ʾeretz); Form: Noun, feminine singular absolute; Translation: “land”; Notes: Geographic term.
6. יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל (Yisraʾel) – Root: ישראל (Yisraʾel); Form: Proper noun, singular; Translation: “Yisraʾel”; Notes: Refers to the nation of Israel.
7. כִּֽי־אָמְרוּ (ki-ʾamru) – Root: אמר (ʾamar); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “for they said”; Notes: Introduces the reasoning of the Pelishtim.
8. פְלִשְׁתִּ֔ים (Pelishtim) – Root: פלשתי (Pelishti); Form: Proper noun, plural; Translation: “Pelishtim”; Notes: Refers to the Philistines.
9. פֶּ֚ן (pen) – Root: פן (pen); Form: Conjunction; Translation: “Lest”; Notes: Expresses fear or precaution.
10. יַעֲשׂ֣וּ (yaʿasu) – Root: עשה (ʿasah); Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “they make”; Notes: Refers to potential action.
11. הָעִבְרִ֔ים (ha-ʿIvrim) – Root: עבר (ʿavar); Form: Noun, masculine plural absolute with definite article; Translation: “the ʿIvrim”; Notes: A designation for the Hebrews.
12. חֶ֖רֶב (ḥerev) – Root: חרב (ḥerev); Form: Noun, feminine singular absolute; Translation: “a sword”; Notes: Weapon reference.
13. אֹ֥ו (o) – Root: או (o); Form: Conjunction; Translation: “or”; Notes: Alternative choice.
14. חֲנִֽית׃ (ḥanit) – Root: חנית (ḥanit); Form: Noun, feminine singular absolute; Translation: “a spear”; Notes: Weapon reference.