וַיֵּרְד֥וּ כָל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֑ים לִ֠לְטֹושׁ אִ֣ישׁ אֶת־מַחֲרַשְׁתֹּ֤ו וְאֶת־אֵתֹו֙ וְאֶת־קַרְדֻּמֹּ֔ו וְאֵ֖ת מַחֲרֵשָׁתֹֽו׃
And all Yisraʾel went down to the Pelishtim to sharpen each man his plowshare, his mattock, his axe, and his hoe.
Morphology
- וַיֵּרְד֥וּ (vayyerdu) – Root: ירד (yarad); Form: Qal wayyiqtol (sequential imperfect) 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “And they went down”; Notes: Indicates movement downward.
- כָל־ (kol) – Root: כל (kol); Form: Noun, masculine singular construct; Translation: “all”; Notes: Indicates entirety.
- יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל (Yisraʾel) – Root: ישראל (Yisraʾel); Form: Proper noun, singular; Translation: “Yisraʾel”; Notes: Refers to the people of Israel.
- הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֑ים (ha-Pelishtim) – Root: פלשתי (Pelishti); Form: Proper noun, plural with definite article; Translation: “the Pelishtim”; Notes: Refers to the Philistines.
- לִ֠לְטֹושׁ (li-ltosh) – Root: לטש (latash); Form: Qal infinitive construct with preposition; Translation: “to sharpen”; Notes: Indicates purpose.
- אִ֣ישׁ (ʾish) – Root: איש (ʾish); Form: Noun, masculine singular absolute; Translation: “each man”; Notes: Refers to individuals.
- אֶת־ (ʾet) – Root: את (ʾet); Form: Definite direct object marker; Translation: [not translated]; Notes: Marks the direct object.
- מַחֲרַשְׁתֹּ֤ו (maḥarashto) – Root: מחרשה (maḥaresha); Form: Noun, feminine singular absolute with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “his plowshare”; Notes: Agricultural tool.
- וְאֶת־ (ve-ʾet) – Root: את (ʾet); Form: Definite direct object marker with conjunction; Translation: [not translated]; Notes: Marks additional objects.
- אֵתֹו֙ (ʾeto) – Root: את (ʾet); Form: Noun, masculine singular absolute with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “his mattock”; Notes: A digging tool.
- וְאֶת־ (ve-ʾet) – Root: את (ʾet); Form: Definite direct object marker with conjunction; Translation: [not translated]; Notes: Continues listing objects.
- קַרְדֻּמֹּ֔ו (qardummo) – Root: קרדום (qardom); Form: Noun, masculine singular absolute with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “his axe”; Notes: Tool for chopping.
- וְאֵ֖ת (ve-ʾet) – Root: את (ʾet); Form: Conjunction with direct object marker; Translation: “and”; Notes: Introduces final item in the list.
- מַחֲרֵשָׁתֹֽו (maḥareshato) – Root: מחרשה (maḥaresha); Form: Noun, feminine singular absolute with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “his hoe”; Notes: Another farming tool.