וְכָל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֞ל שָׁמְע֣וּ לֵאמֹ֗ר הִכָּ֤ה שָׁאוּל֙ אֶת־נְצִ֣יב פְּלִשְׁתִּ֔ים וְגַם־נִבְאַשׁ יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל בַּפְּלִשְׁתִּ֑ים וַיִּצָּעֲק֥וּ הָעָ֛ם אַחֲרֵ֥י שָׁא֖וּל הַגִּלְגָּֽל׃
And all Yisraʾel heard it said, “Shaʾul has struck the officer of the Pelishtim, and also Yisraʾel has become a stench among the Pelishtim.” And the people were summoned after Shaʾul to the Gilgal.
Morphology
- וְכָל־ (ve-khol) – Root: כל (khol); Form: Conjunction with noun, masculine singular construct; Translation: “And all”; Notes: Indicates entirety.
- יִשְׂרָאֵ֞ל (Yisraʾel) – Root: ישראל (Yisraʾel); Form: Proper noun, singular; Translation: “Yisraʾel”; Notes: Refers to the nation.
- שָׁמְע֣וּ (shameʿu) – Root: שמע (shamaʿ); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “they heard”; Notes: Refers to past action.
- לֵאמֹ֗ר (leʾemor) – Root: אמר (ʾamar); Form: Infinitive construct; Translation: “saying”; Notes: Introduces speech.
- הִכָּ֤ה (hikkah) – Root: נכה (nakah); Form: Hifil perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “he struck”; Notes: Causative stem.
- שָׁאוּל֙ (Shaʾul) – Root: שאול (Shaʾul); Form: Proper noun, singular; Translation: “Shaʾul”; Notes: Name of the king.
- אֶת־ (ʾet) – Root: את (ʾet); Form: Definite direct object marker; Translation: [not translated]; Notes: Marks the direct object.
- נְצִ֣יב (netsiv) – Root: נצב (natsav); Form: Noun, masculine singular; Translation: “officer”; Notes: A leader or governor.
- פְּלִשְׁתִּ֔ים (Pelishtim) – Root: פלשתי (Pelishti); Form: Proper noun, plural; Translation: “Pelishtim”; Notes: Refers to the Philistines.
- וְגַם־ (ve-gam) – Root: גם (gam); Form: Conjunction; Translation: “and also”; Notes: Adds emphasis.
- נִבְאַשׁ (nivʾash) – Root: באש (baʾash); Form: Nifal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “became a stench”; Notes: Reflexive/passive form.
- יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל (Yisraʾel) – Root: ישראל (Yisraʾel); Form: Proper noun, singular; Translation: “Yisraʾel”; Notes: Repeated reference to the nation.
- בַּפְּלִשְׁתִּ֑ים (ba-Pelishtim) – Root: פלשתי (Pelishti); Form: Preposition with proper noun; Translation: “among the Pelishtim”; Notes: Indicates location.
- וַיִּצָּעֲק֥וּ (vayyitsʿaqu) – Root: צעק (tsaʿaq); Form: Qal wayyiqtol (sequential imperfect) 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “and they were summoned”; Notes: Expresses urgency.
- הָעָ֛ם (haʿam) – Root: עם (ʿam); Form: Noun, masculine singular absolute with definite article; Translation: “the people”; Notes: Refers to the nation.
- אַחֲרֵ֥י (aḥarei) – Root: אחר (aḥar); Form: Preposition; Translation: “after”; Notes: Indicates following.
- שָׁא֖וּל (Shaʾul) – Root: שאול (Shaʾul); Form: Proper noun, singular; Translation: “Shaʾul”; Notes: Repeated reference.
- הַגִּלְגָּֽל (ha-Gilgal) – Root: גלגל (Gilgal); Form: Proper noun, singular with definite article; Translation: “the Gilgal”; Notes: Geographic location.