1 Samuel 17:1

וַיַּאַסְפ֨וּ פְלִשְׁתִּ֤ים אֶת־מַֽחֲנֵיהֶם֙ לַמִּלְחָמָ֔ה וַיֵּאָ֣סְפ֔וּ שֹׂכֹ֖ה אֲשֶׁ֣ר לִיהוּדָ֑ה וַֽיַּחֲנ֛וּ בֵּין־שֹׂוכֹ֥ה וּבֵין־עֲזֵקָ֖ה בְּאֶ֥פֶס דַּמִּֽים׃

And the Pelishtim gathered their camps for battle, and they assembled at Sokho, which belongs to Yehuda, and they camped between Sokho and between ʿAzeqa, in Efes-Dammim.

Morphology

1. וַיַּאַסְפ֨וּ (vayyaʾasfu) – Root: אסף (ʾasaf); Form: Qal wayyiqtol (consecutive imperfect) 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “And they gathered”; Notes: Sequential verb indicating a past action.
2. פְלִשְׁתִּ֤ים (Pelishtim) – Root: פלש (palash); Form: Proper noun, masculine plural; Translation: “Pelishtim”; Notes: The Philistines, an ancient people in conflict with Yisraʾel.
3. אֶת־מַֽחֲנֵיהֶם֙ (ʾet-maḥanehem) – Root: מחנה (maḥaneh); Form: Noun, masculine plural construct with 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “their camps”; Notes: Indicates possession.
4. לַמִּלְחָמָ֔ה (la-milḥamah) – Root: לחם (laḥam); Form: Noun, feminine singular, prefixed with definite article; Translation: “for the battle”; Notes: Definite article denotes a specific battle.
5. וַיֵּאָ֣סְפ֔וּ (vayyeʾasefu) – Root: אסף (ʾasaf); Form: Nifal wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “and they assembled”; Notes: Passive form indicates gathering together.
6. שֹׂכֹ֖ה (Sokho) – Root: שכה (sokho); Form: Proper noun, location; Translation: “Sokho”; Notes: A city in Yehudah.
7. אֲשֶׁ֣ר (ʾasher) – Root: אשר (ʾasher); Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “which”; Notes: Introduces a relative clause.
8. לִיהוּדָ֑ה (li-Yehudah) – Root: יהודה (Yehudah); Form: Proper noun, masculine singular with preposition; Translation: “to Yehudah”; Notes: Denotes possession or belonging.
9. וַֽיַּחֲנ֛וּ (vayyaḥanu) – Root: חנה (ḥanah); Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “and they camped”; Notes: Sequential verb indicating a past action.
10. בֵּין־שֹׂוכֹ֥ה (bein-Sokho) – Root: בין (bein); Form: Preposition with proper noun; Translation: “between Sokho”; Notes: Indicates location.
11. וּבֵין־עֲזֵקָ֖ה (u-vein-ʿAzeqah) – Root: עזקה (ʿAzeqah); Form: Conjunction with preposition and proper noun; Translation: “and between ʿAzeqah”; Notes: A second location in Yehudah.
12. בְּאֶ֥פֶס דַּמִּֽים (be-ʾefes dammim) – Root: אפס (ʾefes), דם (dam); Form: Preposition with noun in construct; Translation: “in Efes-Dammim”; Notes: The name of a battlefield.