וְה֣וּא מְדַבֵּ֣ר עִמָּ֗ם וְהִנֵּ֣ה אִ֣ישׁ הַבֵּנַ֡יִם עֹולֶ֞ה גָּלְיָת֩ הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֨י שְׁמֹ֤ו מִגַּת֙ מִמַּעֲרֹות פְּלִשְׁתִּ֔ים וַיְדַבֵּ֖ר כַּדְּבָרִ֣ים הָאֵ֑לֶּה וַיִּשְׁמַ֖ע דָּוִֽד׃
And while he was speaking with them, behold, the champion, Golyat the Pelishti was coming up—his name was from Gat—from the camps of the Pelishtim, and he spoke according to these words, and David heard.
Morphology
- וְה֣וּא (ve-hu) – Root: הוא (hu); Form: Pronoun, 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And he”; Notes: Refers to Dawid.
- מְדַבֵּ֣ר (medabber) – Root: דבר (davar); Form: Piel participle masculine singular; Translation: “was speaking”; Notes: Denotes ongoing speech.
- עִמָּ֗ם (ʿimmam) – Root: עם (ʿim); Form: Preposition with 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “with them”; Notes: Indicates conversation.
- וְהִנֵּ֣ה (ve-hinneh) – Root: הנה (hinneh); Form: Interjection; Translation: “behold”; Notes: Expresses sudden realization.
- אִ֣ישׁ (ʾish) – Root: איש (ʾish); Form: Noun, masculine singular; Translation: “a man”; Notes: Refers to Golyat.
- הַבֵּנַ֡יִם (ha-benayim) – Root: בין (benayim); Form: Noun, masculine singular with definite article; Translation: “the champion”; Notes: Military term for a warrior.
- עֹולֶ֞ה (ʿoleh) – Root: עלה (ʿalah); Form: Qal participle masculine singular; Translation: “was coming up”; Notes: Indicates movement.
- גָּלְיָת֩ (Golyat) – Root: גָלְיָת (Golyat); Form: Proper noun, masculine singular; Translation: “Golyat”; Notes: Refers to Goliath.
- הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֨י (ha-Pelishti) – Root: פלש (palash); Form: Proper noun, masculine singular with definite article; Translation: “the Pelishti”; Notes: Refers to his ethnicity.
- שְׁמֹ֤ו (shemu) – Root: שם (shem); Form: Noun, masculine singular construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “his name”; Notes: Identifies Golyat.
- מִגַּת֙ (mi-Gat) – Root: גת (Gat); Form: Proper noun, feminine singular with preposition; Translation: “from Gat”; Notes: Indicates his origin.
- מִמַּעֲרֹות (mi-maʿarot) – Root: מערה (maʿarah); Form: Noun, feminine plural construct; Translation: “from the camps”; Notes: Refers to the Philistine encampment.
- פְּלִשְׁתִּ֔ים (Pelishtim) – Root: פלש (palash); Form: Proper noun, masculine plural; Translation: “the Pelishtim”; Notes: Refers to the Philistines.
- וַיְדַבֵּ֖ר (vayyedabber) – Root: דבר (davar); Form: Piel wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “and he spoke”; Notes: Refers to Golyat’s speech.
- כַּדְּבָרִ֣ים (ka-dvarim) – Root: דבר (davar); Form: Noun, masculine plural construct; Translation: “according to these words”; Notes: Indicates repetition.
- הָאֵ֑לֶּה (ha-elleh) – Root: אלה (elleh); Form: Demonstrative pronoun, masculine plural; Translation: “these”; Notes: Refers to the previous challenge.
- וַיִּשְׁמַ֖ע (vayyishmaʿ) – Root: שמע (shamaʿ); Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “and he heard”; Notes: Indicates attentive listening.
- דָּוִֽד (Dawid) – Root: דוד (Dawid); Form: Proper noun, masculine singular; Translation: “Dawid”; Notes: Refers to David.