1 Samuel 20:32

וַיַּ֨עַן֙ יְהֹ֣ונָתָ֔ן אֶת־שָׁא֖וּל אָבִ֑יו וַיֹּ֧אמֶר אֵלָ֛יו לָ֥מָּה יוּמַ֖ת מֶ֥ה עָשָֽׂה׃

And Yehonatan answered Shaʾul his father and said to him, “Why should he be put to death? What has he done?”

Morphology

1. וַיַּ֨עַן֙ (vayyaʿan) – Root: ענה (ʿanah); Form: Wayyiqtol (consecutive imperfect) 3rd person masculine singular, Qal; Translation: “And he answered”; Notes: Introduces Yehonatan’s response.
2. יְהֹ֣ונָתָ֔ן (Yehonatan) – Root: יהונתן (Yehonatan); Form: Proper noun, masculine singular; Translation: “Yehonatan”; Notes: Subject of the verb.
3. אֶת־שָׁא֖וּל (et-Shaʾul) – Root: שאול (Shaʾul); Form: Proper noun, masculine singular with direct object marker; Translation: “Shaʾul”; Notes: The recipient of Yehonatan’s response.
4. אָבִ֑יו (aviv) – Root: אב (av); Form: Noun, masculine singular construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “his father”; Notes: Indicates the relationship.
5. וַיֹּ֧אמֶר (vayyoʾmer) – Root: אמר (ʾamar); Form: Wayyiqtol (consecutive imperfect) 3rd person masculine singular, Qal; Translation: “And he said”; Notes: Introduces Yehonatan’s speech.
6. אֵלָ֛יו (elav) – Root: אל (ʾel); Form: Preposition + 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “to him”; Notes: Indicates direction of speech.
7. לָ֥מָּה (lammah) – Root: למה (lammah); Form: Interrogative adverb; Translation: “Why”; Notes: Introduces the question.
8. יוּמַ֖ת (yumat) – Root: מות (mut); Form: Imperfect 3rd person masculine singular, Hofal; Translation: “should he be put to death”; Notes: Passive form indicating the act of execution.
9. מֶ֥ה (meh) – Root: מה (mah); Form: Interrogative pronoun; Translation: “What”; Notes: Introduces the second question.
10. עָשָֽׂה׃ (ʿasah) – Root: עשה (ʿasah); Form: Perfect 3rd person masculine singular, Qal; Translation: “has he done”; Notes: Refers to Dawid’s actions.