1 Samuel 23:10

וַיֹּאמֶר֮ דָּוִד֒ יְהוָה֙ אֱלֹהֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל שָׁמֹ֤עַ שָׁמַע֙ עַבְדְּךָ֔ כִּֽי־מְבַקֵּ֥שׁ שָׁא֖וּל לָבֹ֣וא אֶל־קְעִילָ֑ה לְשַׁחֵ֥ת לָעִ֖יר בַּעֲבוּרִֽי׃

And Dawid said, “YHWH, God of Yisraʾel, Your servant has surely heard that Shaʾul seeks to come to Qeʿila to destroy the city for my sake.

Morphology

1. וַיֹּאמֶר֮ (vayomer) – Root: אמר (ʾamar); Form: Qal wayyiqtol (narrative past) 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And he said”; Notes: Introduces direct speech.
2. דָּוִד֒ (Dawid) – Root: דוד (Dawid); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Dawid”; Notes: Refers to King Dawid.
3. יְהוָה֙ (YHWH) – Root: יהוה (YHWH); Form: Proper noun, divine name; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The Tetragrammaton, referring to the God of Yisraʾel.
4. אֱלֹהֵ֣י (Elohei) – Root: אלהים (ʾElohim); Form: Noun, masculine plural construct; Translation: “Elohei”; Notes: Construct form meaning “God of.”
5. יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל (Yisraʾel) – Root: ישראל (Yisraʾel); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Yisraʾel”; Notes: Refers to the people of Yisraʾel.
6. שָׁמֹ֤עַ (shamoaʿ) – Root: שמע (šamaʿ); Form: Qal infinitive absolute; Translation: “surely heard”; Notes: Emphasizes the certainty of hearing.
7. שָׁמַע֙ (shamaʿ) – Root: שמע (šamaʿ); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “has heard”; Notes: Complements the infinitive absolute for emphasis.
8. עַבְדְּךָ֔ (ʿavdekha) – Root: עבד (ʿeved); Form: Noun, masculine singular construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “Your servant”; Notes: Refers to Dawid.
9. כִּֽי־מְבַקֵּ֥שׁ (ki-mevaqqesh) – Root: בקש (baqqesh); Form: Piel participle masculine singular; Translation: “seeks”; Notes: Intensive form indicating a strong pursuit.
10. שָׁא֖וּל (Shaʾul) – Root: שאול (Shaʾul); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Shaʾul”; Notes: Refers to King Shaʾul.
11. לָבֹ֣וא (lavo) – Root: בוא (bo); Form: Qal infinitive construct with preposition; Translation: “to come”; Notes: Expresses intended movement.
12. אֶל־קְעִילָ֑ה (el-Qeʿilah) – Root: קעילה (Qeʿilah); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “to Qeʿilah”; Notes: Refers to the city.
13. לְשַׁחֵ֥ת (leshaḥet) – Root: שחת (shaḥat); Form: Piel infinitive construct with preposition; Translation: “to destroy”; Notes: Expresses intention.
14. לָעִ֖יר (laʿir) – Root: עיר (ʿir); Form: Noun, feminine singular with definite article; Translation: “the city”; Notes: Refers to Qeʿilah.
15. בַּעֲבוּרִֽי (baʿavuri) – Root: עבר (ʿavar); Form: Preposition with 1st person singular suffix; Translation: “for my sake”; Notes: Indicates cause or reason.