1 Samuel 23:3

וַיֹּ֨אמְר֜וּ אַנְשֵׁ֤י דָוִד֙ אֵלָ֔יו הִנֵּ֨ה אֲנַ֥חְנוּ פֹ֛ה בִּֽיהוּדָ֖ה יְרֵאִ֑ים וְאַף֙ כִּֽי־נֵלֵ֣ךְ קְעִלָ֔ה אֶל־מַֽעַרְכֹ֖ות פְּלִשְׁתִּֽים׃ ס

And the men of Dawid said to him, “Behold, we are afraid here in Yehuda, and how much more if we go to Qeʿila against the battle lines of the Pelishtim?”

Morphology

1. וַיֹּ֨אמְר֜וּ (wayyōʾmərū) – Root: אמר (ʾāmar); Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “And they said”; Notes: The subject is the men of David.
2. אַנְשֵׁ֤י (ʾanšē) – Root: אנש (ʾenōš); Form: Noun, masculine plural construct; Translation: “Men of”; Notes: Indicates possession.
3. דָוִד֙ (dāwīd) – Root: דוד (dāwīd); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “David”; Notes: Refers to David’s followers.
4. אֵלָ֔יו (ʾēlāw) – Root: אל (ʾel); Form: Preposition + 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “to him”; Notes: Directs the speech to David.
5. הִנֵּ֨ה (hinnēh) – Form: Interjection; Translation: “Behold”; Notes: Calls attention to the statement.
6. אֲנַ֥חְנוּ (ʾanaḥnū) – Form: Pronoun, 1st person plural; Translation: “We”; Notes: Identifies the speakers.
7. פֹ֛ה (pōh) – Form: Adverb; Translation: “here”; Notes: Refers to their current location.
8. בִּֽיהוּדָ֖ה (bīyhūdāh) – Root: יהודה (yəhūdāh); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “in Yehudah”; Notes: Identifies the place where they are.
9. יְרֵאִ֑ים (yərēʾīm) – Root: ירא (yārēʾ); Form: Qal participle masculine plural; Translation: “afraid”; Notes: Describes their fear.
10. וְאַף֙ (wəʾaf) – Form: Conjunction; Translation: “and even”; Notes: Intensifies the next statement.
11. כִּֽי־נֵלֵ֣ךְ (kī-nēlēḵ) – Root: הלך (hālaḵ); Form: Qal imperfect 1st person plural; Translation: “if we go”; Notes: Expresses doubt.
12. קְעִלָ֔ה (qəʿīlāh) – Root: קעילה (qəʿīlāh); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Qeʿilah”; Notes: Name of the city.
13. אֶל־מַֽעַרְכֹ֖ות (ʾel-maʿarkōṯ) – Root: ערך (ʿarak); Form: Preposition + noun, feminine plural; Translation: “against the battle lines”; Notes: Refers to military positions.
14. פְּלִשְׁתִּֽים׃ (pəlištīm) – Root: פלשתי (pəlištī); Form: Proper noun, masculine plural; Translation: “the Pelishtim”; Notes: Identifies the enemy.