וַיִּשָּׁ֤בַֽע לָהּ֙ שָׁא֔וּל בַּֽיהוָ֖ה לֵאמֹ֑ר חַי־יְהוָ֕ה אִֽם־יִקְּרֵ֥ךְ עָוֹ֖ן בַּדָּבָ֥ר הַזֶּֽה׃
And Shaʾul swore to her by YHWH, saying, “As surely as YHWH lives, no punishment shall come upon you for this thing.”
Morphology
- וַיִּשָּׁ֤בַֽע (vayishbaʿ) – Root: שבע (shavaʿ); Form: Nifal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And he swore”; Notes: Refers to Shaʾul making an oath.
- לָהּ֙ (lah) – Root: הוא (hu); Form: Preposition with 3rd person feminine singular suffix; Translation: “to her”; Notes: Refers to the woman being addressed.
- שָׁא֔וּל (Shaʾul) – Root: שׁואל (Shaʾul); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Shaʾul”; Notes: Refers to the king of Yisraʾel.
- בַּֽיהוָ֖ה (ba-YHWH) – Root: יהוה (YHWH); Form: Preposition with proper noun; Translation: “by YHWH”; Notes: Shaʾul swears by the Lord.
- לֵאמֹ֑ר (le-ʾemor) – Root: אמר (ʾamar); Form: Infinitive construct; Translation: “saying”; Notes: Introduces what Shaʾul swore.
- חַי־יְהוָ֕ה (ḥay-YHWH) – Root: חי (ḥay); Form: Noun, masculine singular with proper noun; Translation: “As surely as YHWH lives”; Notes: A formulaic expression swearing by the life of YHWH.
- אִֽם־יִקְּרֵ֥ךְ (im-yiqreḵ) – Root: קרה (qarah); Form: Qal imperfect 2nd person feminine singular; Translation: “no punishment shall come upon you”; Notes: A conditional phrase indicating the consequence of the woman’s actions.
- עָוֹ֖ן (ʿavon) – Root: עון (ʿavon); Form: Noun, masculine singular; Translation: “punishment”; Notes: Refers to a moral offense or sin.
- בַּדָּבָ֥ר (badavar) – Root: דבר (dabar); Form: Noun, masculine singular with preposition; Translation: “for this thing”; Notes: Refers to the act of consulting the medium, for which Shaʾul swears there will be no punishment.
- הַזֶּֽה (hazzeh) – Root: זה (zeh); Form: Demonstrative pronoun, masculine singular; Translation: “this”; Notes: Refers to the specific action being discussed.