וְהִקַּפְתֶּ֨ם עַל־הַמֶּ֜לֶךְ סָבִ֗יב אִ֚ישׁ וְכֵלָ֣יו בְּיָדֹ֔ו וְהַבָּ֥א אֶל־הַשְּׂדֵרֹ֖ות יוּמָ֑ת וִהְי֥וּ אֶת־הַמֶּ֖לֶךְ בְּצֵאתֹ֥ו וּבְבֹאֹֽו׃
And you shall surround the king all around, every man with his weapons in his hand, and whoever comes into the ranks shall be put to death. And be with the king in his going out and in his coming in.
Morphology
- וְהִקַּפְתֶּם (ve-hiqqaftem) – Root: קוף (n/a, possibly intensive of סבב); Form: Hifil perfect 2nd person masculine plural; Translation: “And you shall surround”; Notes: Command to the guards to encircle the king.
- עַל־הַמֶּלֶךְ (ʿal-ha-melekh) – Root: מלך (m-l-k); Form: Preposition + definite noun; Translation: “around the king”; Notes: Indicates protective formation.
- סָבִיב (saviv) – Root: סבב (s-b-b); Form: Adverb; Translation: “all around”; Notes: Specifies full surrounding position.
- אִישׁ (ish) – Root: איש (ʾ-ish); Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “each man”; Notes: Emphasizes individual responsibility.
- וְכֵלָיו (ve-khelav) – Root: כלי (k-l-y); Form: Conjunction + plural noun + 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “and his weapons”; Notes: Refers to armed readiness.
- בְּיָדֹו (be-yado) – Root: יד (y-d); Form: Preposition + noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “in his hand”; Notes: Denotes personal readiness to defend.
- וְהַבָּא (ve-ha-ba) – Root: בוא (b-w-ʾ); Form: Conjunction + participle masculine singular; Translation: “and the one who comes”; Notes: Refers to any intruder.
- אֶל־הַשְּׂדֵרֹות (el-ha-sederot) – Root: שׂדר (s-d-r); Form: Preposition + definite plural noun; Translation: “into the ranks” or “formations”; Notes: Possibly lines or rows of guards.
- יוּמָת (yumat) – Root: מות (m-w-t); Form: Hofal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “shall be put to death”; Notes: A severe warning against unauthorized approach.
- וִהְיוּ (vi-hyu) – Root: היה (h-y-h); Form: Conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “and be”; Notes: Command to remain with the king.
- אֶת־הַמֶּלֶךְ (et-ha-melekh) – Form: Direct object marker + definite noun; Translation: “with the king”; Notes: Emphasizes constant protective presence.
- בְּצֵאתֹו (be-tseto) – Root: יצא (y-ts-ʾ); Form: Preposition + infinitive construct + 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “in his going out”; Notes: Refers to public appearances.
- וּבְבֹאֹו (u-ve-voʾo) – Root: בוא (b-w-ʾ); Form: Conjunction + preposition + infinitive construct + suffix; Translation: “and in his coming in”; Notes: Denotes full-time guard duty.