בִּשְׁנַת֙ שְׁתֵּים־עֶשְׂרֵ֣ה שָׁנָ֔ה לְיֹורָ֥ם בֶּן־אַחְאָ֖ב מֶ֣לֶךְ יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל מָלַ֛ךְ אֲחַזְיָ֥הוּ בֶן־יְהֹורָ֖ם מֶ֥לֶךְ יְהוּדָֽה׃
In the twelfth year of Yoram son of Aḥʾav king of Yisraʾel, Aḥazyahu son of Yehoram king of Yehuda reigned.
Morphology
- בִּשְׁנַת (bishnat) – Root: שׁנה; Form: Preposition + construct noun feminine singular; Translation: “In the year of”; Notes: Used for dating reigns.
- שְׁתֵּים־עֶשְׂרֵה (shteim-ʿesreh) – Root: שׁנים, עשר; Form: Cardinal number feminine; Translation: “twelve”; Notes: Modifies feminine noun “year”.
- שָׁנָה (shanah) – Root: שׁנה; Form: Noun feminine singular (implied); Translation: “year”; Notes: Not repeated here but implied from the previous compound expression.
- לְיֹורָם (le-Yoram) – Root: ירם; Form: Preposition + proper noun; Translation: “of Yoram”; Notes: Indicates the regnal year of Yoram.
- בֶּן־אַחְאָב (ben-Aḥʾav) – Root: בן, אחאב; Form: Construct noun + proper noun; Translation: “son of Aḥʾav”; Notes: Patronymic designation.
- מֶלֶךְ יִשְׂרָאֵל (melekh Yisraʾel) – Root: מלך, ישראל; Form: Noun construct + proper noun; Translation: “king of Yisraʾel”; Notes: Title held by Yoram.
- מָלַךְ (malakh) – Root: מלך; Form: Qal perfect 3ms; Translation: “he reigned”; Notes: Marks the beginning of Aḥazyahu’s reign.
- אֲחַזְיָהוּ (Aḥazyahu) – Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Aḥazyahu”; Notes: New king of Yehudah.
- בֶן־יְהֹורָם (ben-Yehoram) – Root: בן, יהורם; Form: Construct noun + proper noun; Translation: “son of Yehoram”; Notes: Clarifies his lineage.
- מֶלֶךְ יְהוּדָה (melekh Yehudah) – Root: מלך, יהודה; Form: Construct noun + proper noun; Translation: “king of Yehudah”; Notes: Aḥazyahu’s royal title.