וַיַּגִּ֤דוּ לְדָוִד֙ וַיִּשְׁלַ֣ח לִקְרָאתָ֔ם כִּֽי־הָי֥וּ הָאֲנָשִׁ֖ים נִכְלָמִ֣ים מְאֹ֑ד וַיֹּ֤אמֶר הַמֶּ֨לֶךְ֙ שְׁב֣וּ בִֽירֵחֹ֔ו עַד־יְצַמַּ֥ח זְקַנְכֶ֖ם וְשַׁבְתֶּֽם׃
And they told Dawid, and he sent to meet them, for the men were greatly ashamed. And the king said, “Stay in Yeriḥo until your beards grow, then return.”
Morphology
- וַיַּגִּ֤דוּ (vayyaggidu) – Root: נגד (nagad); Form: Hifil wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “And they told”; Notes: Causative form; someone made known to Dawid.
- לְדָוִד֙ (le-Dawid) – Root: דוד (Dawid); Form: Preposition + proper noun; Translation: “to Dawid”; Notes: Recipient of the message.
- וַיִּשְׁלַ֣ח (vayyishlaḥ) – Root: שלח (shalaḥ); Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “and he sent”; Notes: Dawid’s response to the report.
- לִקְרָאתָ֔ם (liqratam) – Root: קרא (qara); Form: Preposition + infinitive construct with 3rd person plural suffix; Translation: “to meet them”; Notes: Purpose of sending.
- כִּֽי־הָי֥וּ (ki-hayu) – Root: היה (hayah); Form: Causal conjunction + Qal perfect 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “for they were”; Notes: Explains the reason for the king’s response.
- הָאֲנָשִׁ֖ים (haʾanashim) – Root: אנש (ʾenosh); Form: Noun, masculine plural with definite article; Translation: “the men”; Notes: Refers to Dawid’s servants who were humiliated.
- נִכְלָמִ֣ים (nikhlamim) – Root: כלם (kalam); Form: Nifal participle masculine plural; Translation: “ashamed”; Notes: Passive/reflexive verb indicating their emotional state.
- מְאֹ֑ד (meʾod) – Root: מאד (meʾod); Form: Adverb; Translation: “greatly”; Notes: Intensifies their shame.
- וַיֹּ֤אמֶר (vayyoʾmer) – Root: אמר (ʾamar); Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “and he said”; Notes: Introduces direct speech.
- הַמֶּ֨לֶךְ֙ (hammelekh) – Root: מלך (melekh); Form: Noun masculine singular with definite article; Translation: “the king”; Notes: Refers to Dawid.
- שְׁב֣וּ (shevu) – Root: ישב (yashav); Form: Qal imperative masculine plural; Translation: “Stay”; Notes: Command to the men.
- בִֽירֵחֹ֔ו (bi-Yereḥo) – Root: ירחו (Yereḥo); Form: Preposition + proper noun; Translation: “in Yereḥo”; Notes: City near the Yarden, place of waiting.
- עַד־יְצַמַּ֥ח (ʿad-yetsammaḥ) – Root: צמח (tsamaḥ); Form: Preposition + Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “until grows”; Notes: Refers to duration of their stay.
- זְקַנְכֶ֖ם (zeqanekhem) – Root: זקן (zaqan); Form: Noun masculine singular with 2nd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “your beards”; Notes: Sign of restored honor.
- וְשַׁבְתֶּֽם (veshavtem) – Root: שוב (shuv); Form: Qal perfect 2nd person masculine plural; Translation: “then return”; Notes: Completion of the restoration process.