2 Samuel 13:34

וַיִּבְרַ֖ח אַבְשָׁלֹ֑ום וַיִּשָּׂ֞א הַנַּ֤עַר הַצֹּפֶה֙ אֶת־עינו וַיַּ֗רְא וְהִנֵּ֨ה עַם־רַ֜ב הֹלְכִ֥ים מִדֶּ֛רֶךְ אַחֲרָ֖יו מִצַּ֥ד הָהָֽר׃

And Avshalom fled, and the young watchman lifted his eyes and saw, and behold, a great multitude was coming by way of the hillside behind him.

Morphology

1. וַיִּבְרַ֖ח (va-yivraḥ) – Root: ברח (baraḥ); Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And he fled”; Notes: Refers to Avshalom’s escape after Amnon’s death.
2. אַבְשָׁלֹ֑ום (ʾAvshalom) – Root: Proper noun; Form: Masculine singular proper name; Translation: “Avshalom”; Notes: Subject of the verb.
3. וַיִּשָּׂ֞א (va-yissa) – Root: נשא (nasaʾ); Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “and he lifted”; Notes: Introduces visual observation.
4. הַנַּ֤עַר (ha-naʿar) – Root: נער (naʿar); Form: Definite noun masculine singular; Translation: “the young man”; Notes: Subject of the vision.
5. הַצֹּפֶה֙ (ha-tsofeh) – Root: צפה (tsafah); Form: Definite participle masculine singular; Translation: “the watchman”; Notes: Describes the young man’s role.
6. אֶת־עֵינוֹ (et-ʿeino) – Root: עין (ʿayin); Form: Accusative marker + noun feminine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “his eye”; Notes: Direct object of the verb “lifted.”
7. וַיַּ֗רְא (va-yarʾ) – Root: ראה (raʾah); Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “and he saw”; Notes: Follows naturally from lifting the eyes.
8. וְהִנֵּ֨ה (ve-hinneh) – Root: Interjection; Form: Demonstrative particle; Translation: “and behold”; Notes: Introduces something unexpected or dramatic.
9. עַם־רַ֜ב (ʿam-rav) – Root: עם (ʿam) + רב (rav); Form: Noun construct + adjective masculine singular; Translation: “a great multitude”; Notes: Indicates the size of the group.
10. הֹלְכִ֥ים (holkhim) – Root: הלך (halakh); Form: Qal participle masculine plural; Translation: “going”; Notes: Ongoing motion of the group.
11. מִדֶּ֛רֶךְ (mi-derekh) – Root: דרך (derekh); Form: Preposition + noun masculine singular; Translation: “from the way”; Notes: Indicates their path of approach.
12. אַחֲרָ֖יו (aḥarav) – Root: אחר (aḥar); Form: Preposition + 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “behind him”; Notes: Indicates spatial orientation relative to the watchman.
13. מִצַּ֥ד (mi-tsad) – Root: צד (tsad); Form: Preposition + noun masculine singular; Translation: “from the side”; Notes: Specifies directionality.
14. הָהָֽר (ha-har) – Root: הר (har); Form: Definite noun masculine singular; Translation: “the mountain”; Notes: Refers to the terrain beside which the people came.