וְדָוִ֗ד עָבַ֤ר מְעַט֙ מֵֽהָרֹ֔אשׁ וְהִנֵּ֥ה צִיבָ֛א נַ֥עַר מְפִי־בֹ֖שֶׁת לִקְרָאתֹ֑ו וְצֶ֨מֶד חֲמֹרִ֜ים חֲבֻשִׁ֗ים וַעֲלֵיהֶם֩ מָאתַ֨יִם לֶ֜חֶם וּמֵאָ֧ה צִמּוּקִ֛ים וּמֵ֥אָה קַ֖יִץ וְנֵ֥בֶל יָֽיִן׃
And Dawid had passed a little beyond the summit, and behold, Tsiva, the servant of Mefi-voshet, came to meet him, with a pair of donkeys saddled, and upon them two hundred loaves of bread, and a hundred clusters of raisins, and a hundred summer fruits, and a skin of wine.
Morphology
- וְדָוִ֗ד (ve-Dawid) – Root: דוד; Form: Conjunction + proper noun; Translation: “And Dawid”; Notes: Subject of the verb “passed.”
- עָבַ֤ר (ʿavar) – Root: עבר; Form: Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular; Translation: “passed”; Notes: Main narrative verb.
- מְעַט֙ (meʿat) – Root: מעט; Form: Noun/adverb; Translation: “a little”; Notes: Modifies the extent of his passing.
- מֵֽהָרֹ֔אשׁ (me-ha-rosh) – Root: ראש; Form: Preposition + definite noun, masculine singular; Translation: “from the summit”; Notes: Refers to the hilltop where Dawid had bowed.
- וְהִנֵּ֥ה (ve-hinne) – Root: הנה; Form: Interjection; Translation: “and behold”; Notes: Introduces a surprising or notable event.
- צִיבָ֛א (Tsiva) – Root: ציבא; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Tsiva”; Notes: Steward of the house of Shaʾul.
- נַ֥עַר (naʿar) – Root: נער; Form: Noun, masculine singular; Translation: “servant”; Notes: Status title in relation to Mefi-voshet.
- מְפִי־בֹ֖שֶׁת (Mephi-voshet) – Root: מפיבשת; Form: Proper noun in construct; Translation: “of Mefi-voshet”; Notes: Grandson of Shaʾul.
- לִקְרָאתֹ֑ו (liqratto) – Root: קרא; Form: Preposition + noun in construct + 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “to meet him”; Notes: Purpose of Tsiva’s approach.
- וְצֶ֨מֶד (ve-tsemed) – Root: צמד; Form: Conjunction + noun, masculine singular; Translation: “and a pair”; Notes: Refers to a pair of animals.
- חֲמֹרִ֜ים (ḥamorim) – Root: חמור; Form: Noun, masculine plural; Translation: “donkeys”; Notes: Plural for transport animals.
- חֲבֻשִׁ֗ים (ḥavushim) – Root: חבש; Form: Qal passive participle masculine plural; Translation: “saddled”; Notes: Indicates readiness for travel or bearing loads.
- וַעֲלֵיהֶם֩ (va-aleihem) – Root: על; Form: Conjunction + preposition + 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “and on them”; Notes: Refers to the donkeys.
- מָאתַ֨יִם לֶ֜חֶם (maatayim leḥem) – Root: מאות, לחם; Form: Dual noun + noun, masculine singular; Translation: “two hundred loaves of bread”; Notes: Supplies for Dawid and his people.
- וּמֵאָ֧ה צִמּוּקִ֛ים (u-me’ah tsimmuqim) – Root: מאות, צמק; Form: Conjunction + numeral + noun, masculine plural; Translation: “and a hundred raisins”; Notes: Dried fruit provision.
- וּמֵ֥אָה קַ֖יִץ (u-me’ah qayits) – Root: קיץ; Form: Conjunction + numeral + noun, masculine singular; Translation: “and a hundred summer fruits”; Notes: Possibly figs or similar seasonal produce.
- וְנֵ֥בֶל יָֽיִן (ve-nevel yayin) – Root: נבל, יין; Form: Conjunction + noun in construct + noun; Translation: “and a skin of wine”; Notes: Nevel refers to a container or skin for liquids.