וַיְשַׁלַּ֨ח דָּוִ֜ד אֶת־הָעָ֗ם הַשְּׁלִשִׁ֤ית בְּיַד־יֹואָב֙ וְ֠הַשְּׁלִשִׁית בְּיַ֨ד אֲבִישַׁ֤י בֶּן־צְרוּיָה֙ אֲחִ֣י יֹואָ֔ב וְהַ֨שְּׁלִשִׁ֔ת בְּיַ֖ד אִתַּ֣י הַגִּתִּ֑י ס וַיֹּ֤אמֶר הַמֶּ֨לֶךְ֙ אֶל־הָעָ֔ם יָצֹ֥א אֵצֵ֛א גַּם־אֲנִ֖י עִמָּכֶֽם׃
And Dawid sent out the people, a third under the hand of Yoʾav, and a third under the hand of Avishai son of Tseruya, brother of Yoʾav, and a third under the hand of Ittai the Gittite. And the king said to the people, “I too will surely go out with you.”
Morphology
- וַיְשַׁלַּ֨ח (vayyishallaḥ) – Root: שלח; Form: Piel wayyiqtol 3rd masculine singular; Translation: “And he sent out”; Notes: Emphasizes intentional dispatching.
- דָּוִ֜ד (Dawid) – Root: Proper noun; Form: Masculine singular; Translation: “Dawid”; Notes: Subject of the verb.
- אֶת־הָעָ֗ם (et-haʿam) – Root: עם; Form: Definite direct object; Translation: “the people”; Notes: Object of the verb “sent.”
- הַשְּׁלִשִׁ֤ית (ha-shlishit) – Root: שלש; Form: Ordinal number, feminine singular with article; Translation: “a third”; Notes: Division into thirds.
- בְּיַד־יֹואָב֙ (be-yad Yoʾav) – Root: יד, יואב; Form: Preposition + noun in construct; Translation: “under the hand of Yoʾav”; Notes: Denotes command or leadership.
- וְ֠הַשְּׁלִשִׁית (ve-ha-shlishit) – Root: שלש; Form: Conjunction + ordinal; Translation: “and a third”; Notes: Second division group.
- בְּיַ֨ד אֲבִישַׁ֤י (be-yad Avishai) – Root: יד, אבישי; Form: Preposition + noun; Translation: “under the hand of Avishai”; Notes: Brother of Yoʾav.
- בֶּן־צְרוּיָה֙ (ben-Tseruyah) – Root: בן; Form: Construct masculine singular; Translation: “son of Tseruyah”; Notes: Clarifies family relation.
- אֲחִ֣י יֹואָ֔ב (aḥi Yoʾav) – Root: אח; Form: Construct masculine singular; Translation: “brother of Yoʾav”; Notes: Further defines Avishai.
- וְהַ֨שְּׁלִשִׁ֔ת (ve-ha-shlishit) – Root: שלש; Form: Conjunction + ordinal feminine singular; Translation: “and the third”; Notes: Final division.
- בְּיַ֖ד אִתַּ֣י הַגִּתִּ֑י (be-yad Ittai ha-Gitti) – Root: יד, proper noun; Form: Preposition + proper noun + gentilic adjective; Translation: “under the hand of Ittai the Gittite”; Notes: A foreign ally of Dawid.
- וַיֹּ֤אמֶר (vayyomer) – Root: אמר; Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3rd masculine singular; Translation: “And he said”; Notes: Introduces speech.
- הַמֶּ֨לֶךְ֙ (ha-melekh) – Root: מלך; Form: Noun, masculine singular with article; Translation: “the king”; Notes: Refers to Dawid.
- אֶל־הָעָ֔ם (el-haʿam) – Root: עם; Form: Preposition + noun with article; Translation: “to the people”; Notes: Direction of speech.
- יָצֹ֥א אֵצֵ֛א (yatsoʾ etseʾ) – Root: יצא; Form: Infinitive absolute + imperfect 1st person singular; Translation: “surely I will go out”; Notes: Infinitive absolute intensifies the verb.
- גַּם־אֲנִ֖י (gam-ani) – Root: גם, אני; Form: Emphatic particle + pronoun; Translation: “I too”; Notes: Adds emphasis to personal involvement.
- עִמָּכֶֽם (immakhem) – Root: עם; Form: Preposition with 2nd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “with you”; Notes: Expresses solidarity with the people.