וַיִּתְקַ֤ע יֹואָב֙ בַּשֹּׁופָ֔ר וַיַּֽעַמְדוּ֙ כָּל־הָעָ֔ם וְלֹֽא־יִרְדְּפ֥וּ עֹ֖וד אַחֲרֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וְלֹֽא־יָסְפ֥וּ עֹ֖וד לְהִלָּחֵֽם׃
And Yoʾav blew the trumpet, and all the people stood still, and they did not pursue again after Yisraʾel, nor did they continue any longer to fight.
Morphology
- וַיִּתְקַ֤ע (vayyitqaʿ) – Root: תקע (taqaʿ); Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And he blew”; Notes: A call to cease battle or signal a command.
- יֹואָב֙ (Yoʾav) – Root: יואב (Yoʾav); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Yoʾav”; Notes: Military commander, subject of the verb.
- בַּשֹּׁופָ֔ר (ba-shofar) – Root: שופר (shofar); Form: Noun, masculine singular with definite article; Translation: “the trumpet”; Notes: Ram’s horn used for signaling in war or worship.
- וַיַּֽעַמְדוּ֙ (vayyaʿamdu) – Root: עמד (ʿamad); Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “and they stood still”; Notes: Indicates halting of motion.
- כָּל־הָעָ֔ם (kol-haʿam) – Root: עם (ʿam); Form: Construct noun + definite noun; Translation: “all the people”; Notes: Refers to Yoʾav’s forces.
- וְלֹֽא־יִרְדְּפ֥וּ (velo-yirdəfu) – Root: רדף (radaf); Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural with negation; Translation: “and they did not pursue”; Notes: Negated future/imperfect, cessation of hostile action.
- עֹ֖וד (ʿod) – Root: עוד (ʿod); Form: Adverb; Translation: “again”; Notes: Emphasizes discontinuation of action.
- אַחֲרֵ֣י (ʾaḥarei) – Root: אחר (ʾaḥar); Form: Preposition; Translation: “after”; Notes: Indicates direction of pursuit.
- יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל (Yisraʾel) – Root: ישראל (Yisraʾel); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Yisraʾel”; Notes: Refers to opposing forces led by ʾAvner.
- וְלֹֽא־יָסְפ֥וּ (velo-yasfu) – Root: יסף (yasaf); Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural with negation; Translation: “and they did not continue”; Notes: Indicates termination of a repeated or ongoing action.
- עֹ֖וד (ʿod) – Root: עוד (ʿod); Form: Adverb; Translation: “any longer / again”; Notes: Reinforces negation.
- לְהִלָּחֵֽם (lehillakhem) – Root: לחם (lacham); Form: Niphal infinitive construct; Translation: “to fight”; Notes: Niphal is the passive or reflexive stem, here meaning “to engage in battle.”