וְעָנְשׁ֨וּ אֹתֹ֜ו מֵ֣אָה כֶ֗סֶף וְנָתְנוּ֙ לַאֲבִ֣י הַֽנַּעֲרָ֔ה כִּ֤י הֹוצִיא֙ שֵׁ֣ם רָ֔ע עַ֖ל בְּתוּלַ֣ת יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וְלֹֽו־תִהְיֶ֣ה לְאִשָּׁ֔ה לֹא־יוּכַ֥ל לְשַׁלְּחָ֖הּ כָּל־יָמָֽיו׃
And they shall fine him a hundred pieces of silver and give them to the father of the young woman, because he has brought forth a bad name upon a virgin of Yisra’el. And she shall be his wife; he may not send her away all his days.
Morphology
- וְעָנְשׁ֨וּ (ve-‘onshu) – Root: ענש (‘anash); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person plural; Translation: “and they shall fine”; Notes: Indicates the punishment imposed.
- אֹתֹ֜ו (oto) – Root: אות (ot); Form: Direct object marker with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “him”; Notes: Refers to the guilty man.
- מֵ֣אָה כֶ֗סֶף (me’ah kesef) – Root: מאה (me’ah) + כסף (kesef); Form: Numeral + noun masculine singular; Translation: “a hundred pieces of silver”; Notes: Specifies the fine.
- וְנָתְנוּ֙ (ve-natnu) – Root: נתן (natan); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person plural; Translation: “and they shall give”; Notes: Action performed by the judges.
- לַאֲבִ֣י הַֽנַּעֲרָ֔ה (la-avi ha-na‘arah) – Root: אב (av) + נער (na‘ar); Form: Noun masculine singular construct + noun feminine singular definite; Translation: “to the father of the young woman”; Notes: The father receives compensation.
- כִּ֤י הֹוצִיא֙ (ki hotzi) – Root: יצא (yatsa); Form: Hiphil perfect 3rd person singular; Translation: “because he has brought forth”; Notes: Causative action.
- שֵׁ֣ם רָ֔ע (shem ra) – Root: שם (shem) + רע (ra); Form: Noun masculine singular construct + adjective; Translation: “a bad name”; Notes: Accusation against the woman.
- עַ֖ל בְּתוּלַ֣ת יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל (‘al betulat Yisra’el) – Root: בתול (betul) + ישראל (Yisra’el); Form: Preposition + noun feminine singular construct + proper noun; Translation: “upon a virgin of Yisra’el”; Notes: Identifies the slandered person.
- וְלֹֽו־תִהְיֶ֣ה (ve-lo tihyeh) – Root: היה (hayah); Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person feminine singular; Translation: “and she shall be to him”; Notes: Indicates permanence in marriage.
- לְאִשָּׁ֔ה (le-ishah) – Root: אשה (ishah); Form: Noun feminine singular; Translation: “as a wife”; Notes: The consequence of the man’s false claim.
- לֹא־יוּכַ֥ל (lo yukhal) – Root: יכול (yakhol); Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “he may not”; Notes: Prohibition against divorce.
- לְשַׁלְּחָ֖הּ (le-shalleḥah) – Root: שלח (shalaḥ); Form: Piel infinitive construct with 3rd person feminine singular suffix; Translation: “to send her away”; Notes: Reinforces the permanency of marriage.
- כָּל־יָמָֽיו (kol yamav) – Root: יום (yom); Form: Noun masculine plural construct; Translation: “all his days”; Notes: Lifelong restriction.