וַיֹּ֨אמֶר יְהֹושֻׁ֜עַ אֶל־הָעָ֗ם לֹ֤א תֽוּכְלוּ֙ לַעֲבֹ֣ד אֶת־יְהוָ֔ה כִּֽי־אֱלֹהִ֥ים קְדֹשִׁ֖ים ה֑וּא אֵֽל־קַנֹּ֣וא ה֔וּא לֹֽא־יִשָּׂ֥א לְפִשְׁעֲכֶ֖ם וּלְחַטֹּאותֵיכֶֽם׃
And Yehoshua said to the people, “You are not able to serve YHWH, for He is a holy God; He is a jealous God; He will not forgive your transgressions nor your sins.
Morphology
- וַיֹּ֨אמֶר (vayomer) – Root: אמר (ʾamar); Form: Qal wayyiqtol (consecutive imperfect) 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And he said”; Notes: Sequential action.
- יְהֹושֻׁ֜עַ (Yehoshua) – Root: יהושע (Yehoshua); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Yehoshua”; Notes: The speaker.
- אֶל־הָעָ֗ם (el-haʿam) – Root: עם (ʿam); Form: Preposition with definite noun, masculine singular; Translation: “to the people”; Notes: Marks the audience.
- לֹ֤א (lo) – Root: לא (lo); Form: Negative particle; Translation: “not”; Notes: Denotes negation.
- תֽוּכְלוּ֙ (tukhelu) – Root: יכול (yakhol); Form: Qal imperfect 2nd person masculine plural; Translation: “you are able”; Notes: Refers to the people.
- לַעֲבֹ֣ד (laʿavod) – Root: עבד (ʿavad); Form: Qal infinitive construct; Translation: “to serve”; Notes: Expresses purpose.
- אֶת־יְהוָ֔ה (et-YHWH) – Root: יהוה (YHWH); Form: Proper noun with direct object marker; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The object of service.
- כִּֽי־אֱלֹהִ֥ים (ki-Elohim) – Root: אלה (ʾeloah); Form: Conjunction with noun, masculine plural; Translation: “for He is a God”; Notes: Introduces a reason.
- קְדֹשִׁ֖ים (qedoshim) – Root: קדש (qadosh); Form: Adjective, masculine plural; Translation: “holy”; Notes: Plural of intensity.
- ה֑וּא (hu) – Root: הוא (hu); Form: Pronoun, 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “He”; Notes: Refers to YHWH.
- אֵֽל־קַנֹּ֣וא (ʾEl-qanno) – Root: קנא (qanaʾ); Form: Noun and adjective; Translation: “a jealous God”; Notes: Descriptive of YHWH.
- ה֔וּא (hu) – Root: הוא (hu); Form: Pronoun, 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “He”; Notes: Emphasizes identity.
- לֹֽא־יִשָּׂ֥א (lo-yissa) – Root: נשא (nasaʾ); Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “He will not forgive”; Notes: Future negation.
- לְפִשְׁעֲכֶ֖ם (lefishʿakhem) – Root: פשׁע (peshaʿ); Form: Noun, masculine plural construct with 2nd person plural suffix; Translation: “your transgressions”; Notes: Refers to violations of YHWH’s law.
- וּלְחַטֹּאותֵיכֶֽם (uleḥattoʾtekhem) – Root: חטא (ḥataʾ); Form: Noun, feminine plural construct with 2nd person plural suffix; Translation: “and your sins”; Notes: Paired with “transgressions.”