ואך את דמכם לנפשתיכם אדרש מיד כל חיה אדרשנו ומיד האדם מיד איש אחיו אדרש את נפש האדם׃
Gen 9:5 [Samaritan]
ואך את דמכם לנפשתיכם אדרש מיד כל חי אדרשנו מיד האדם מיד איש ואחיו אדרש את נפש האדם׃
Gen 9:5 [Masoretic]
וְאַךְ אֶת־דִּמְכֶם לְנַפְשֹֽׁתֵיכֶם אֶדְרֹשׁ מִיַּד כָּל־חַיָּה אֶדְרְשֶׁנּוּ וּמִיַּד הָֽאָדָם מִיַּד אִישׁ אָחִיו אֶדְרֹשׁ אֶת־נֶפֶשׁ הָֽאָדָֽם׃
Gen 9:5 [Targum Onkelos]
וּבְרַם יַת דַּמְכוֹן לְנַפְשָׁתְכוֹן אִתְבַּע מִיַד כָּל חַיְתָא אִיתְּבְּעִינֵּיהּ וּמִיַד אֲינָשָׁא מִיַד גְּבַר דְּיֵשׁוֹד יַת דְּמָא דְאַחוּהִי אִיתְבַע יַת נַפְשָׁא דְאֵינָשָׁא׃
Gen 9:5 [Peshitta]
ܘܒܪܡ ܕܡܟܘܢ ܕܢܦܫ̈ܬܟܘܢ ܐܬܒܥ܂ ܡܢ ܝܕ ܟܠ ܚܝܘܬܐ ܐܬܒܥܝܘܗܝ ܡܢ ܐܝܕܐ ܕܐܢܫܐ܂ ܘܡܢ ܐܝܕܐ ܕܓܒܪܐ ܘܐܚܘܗܝ ܐܬܒܥ ܢܦܫܐ ܕܐܢܫܐ܂
Gen 9:5 [Septuagint]
Καὶ γὰρ τὸ ὑμέτερον αἷμα τῶν ψυχῶν ὑμῶν ἐκζητήσω· ἐκ χειρὸς πάντων τῶν θηρίων ἐκζητήσω αὐτὸ· καὶ ἐκ χειρὸς ἀνθρώπου ἀδελφοῦ ἐκζητήσω τὴν ψυχὴν τοῦ ἀνθρώπου.
For truly your blood of your lives will I demand an account; at the hand of all wild beasts I will demand an account of it, and at the hand of a man’s brother I will demand an account on the life of the man.
Gen 9:5 [Vulgate]
sanguinem enim animarum vestrarum requiram de manu cunctarum bestiarum et de manu hominis de manu viri et fratris eius requiram animam hominis
וְאַ֨ךְ אֶת־דִּמְכֶ֤ם לְנַפְשֹֽׁתֵיכֶם֙ אֶדְרֹ֔שׁ מִיַּ֥ד כָּל־חַיָּ֖ה אֶדְרְשֶׁ֑נּוּ וּמִיַּ֣ד הָֽאָדָ֗ם מִיַּד֙ אִ֣ישׁ אָחִ֔יו אֶדְרֹ֖שׁ אֶת־נֶ֥פֶשׁ הָֽאָדָֽם׃
And surely, your blood of your lives I will require; from the hand of every beast I will require it, and from the hand of man, from the hand of each man his brother, I will require the life of man.
Morphology
- וְאַ֨ךְ (wəʾaḵ) – Root: אך (ʾ-ḵ); Form: Conjunction וְ + adverb; Translation: “And surely”; Notes: Introduces emphasis and certainty.
- אֶת־דִּמְכֶ֤ם (ʾeṯ-dimḵem) – Root: דם (d-m); Form: Direct object marker אֶת + noun, singular masculine construct + second masculine plural suffix; Translation: “your blood”; Notes: Refers to human blood as representing life.
- לְנַפְשֹֽׁתֵיכֶם֙ (lənap̄šōṯêḵem) – Root: נפש (n-p-š); Form: Preposition לְ + noun, plural feminine construct + second masculine plural suffix; Translation: “of your lives”; Notes: Indicates the association with life or soul.
- אֶדְרֹ֔שׁ (ʾedrōš) – Root: דרש (d-r-š); Form: Qal imperfect, first person singular; Translation: “I will require”; Notes: Indicates divine accountability or reckoning.
- מִיַּ֥ד (mîyaḏ) – Root: יד (y-d); Form: Preposition מִן + noun, singular masculine; Translation: “from the hand of”; Notes: Represents responsibility or agency.
- כָּל־חַיָּ֖ה (kal-ḥayyāh) – Root: חיה (ḥ-y-h); Form: Adjective כָּל + noun, singular feminine; Translation: “every beast”; Notes: Refers to all living animals.
- אֶדְרְשֶׁ֑נּוּ (ʾedrəšennu) – Root: דרש (d-r-š); Form: Qal imperfect, first person singular + third masculine singular suffix; Translation: “I will require it”; Notes: Emphasizes divine accountability for life.
- וּמִיַּ֣ד (ūmîyaḏ) – Root: יד (y-d); Form: Conjunction וּ + preposition מִן + noun, singular masculine; Translation: “and from the hand of”; Notes: Adds another source of responsibility.
- הָֽאָדָ֗ם (hāʾādām) – Root: אדם (ʾ-d-m); Form: Noun, singular masculine with definite article; Translation: “the man”; Notes: Refers to humankind.
- מִיַּד֙ (mîyaḏ) – Root: יד (y-d); Form: Preposition מִן + noun, singular masculine; Translation: “from the hand of”; Notes: Indicates agency or origin of responsibility.
- אִ֣ישׁ (ʾîš) – Root: איש (ʾ-ʾ-š); Form: Noun, singular masculine; Translation: “a man”; Notes: Refers to an individual person.
- אָחִ֔יו (ʾāḥîw) – Root: אח (ʾ-ḥ); Form: Noun, singular masculine construct + third masculine singular suffix; Translation: “his brother”; Notes: Denotes familial or communal relationship.
- אֶדְרֹ֖שׁ (ʾedrōš) – Root: דרש (d-r-š); Form: Qal imperfect, first person singular; Translation: “I will require”; Notes: Repeated to emphasize the act of holding accountable.
- אֶת־נֶ֥פֶשׁ (ʾeṯ-nep̄eš) – Root: נפש (n-p-š); Form: Direct object marker אֶת + noun, singular feminine; Translation: “the life”; Notes: Refers to the essence or soul of the person.
- הָֽאָדָֽם (hāʾādām) – Root: אדם (ʾ-d-m); Form: Noun, singular masculine with definite article; Translation: “of man”; Notes: Emphasizes accountability for human life.