Genesis 10:10

ותהי ראשית ממלכתו בבל וארך ואכד וכלנה בארץ שנער׃

Gen 10:10 [Samaritan]
ותהי ראשית ממלכתו בבל וארך ואכד וכלנה בארץ שנער׃

Gen 10:10 [Masoretic]
וַתְּהִי רֵאשִׁית מַמְלַכְתֹּו בָּבֶל וְאֶרֶךְ וְאַכַּד וְכַלְנֵה בְּאֶרֶץ שִׁנְעָֽר׃

Gen 10:10 [Targum Onkelos]
וַהֲוַת רֵישׁ מַלְכוּתֵיהּ בָּבֶל וְאֶרֶך וְאַכַּד וְכַלְנֶה בְאַרְעָא דְבָבָל׃

Gen 10:10 [Peshitta]
ܘܗܘܬ ܪܝܫ ܡܠܟܘܬܗ ܒܒܠ܂ ܘܐܪܟ ܘܐܟܪ ܘܟܠܝܐ ܒܐܪܥܐ ܕܣܢܥܪ܂

Gen 10:10 [Septuagint]
καὶ ἐγένετο ἀρχὴ τῆς βασιλείας αὐτοῦ Βαβυλὼν καὶ Ορεχ καὶ Αρχαδ καὶ Χαλαννη ἐν τῇ γῇ Σεννααρ

Gen 10:10 [Vulgate]
fuit autem principium regni eius Babylon et Arach et Archad et Chalanne in terra Sennaar

וַתְּהִ֨י רֵאשִׁ֤ית מַמְלַכְתֹּו֙ בָּבֶ֔ל וְאֶ֖רֶךְ וְאַכַּ֣ד וְכַלְנֵ֑ה בְּאֶ֖רֶץ שִׁנְעָֽר׃

The beginning of his kingdom was Bavel, Erekh, Akkad, and Kalne, in the land of Shinʿar.

Morphology

1. וַתְּהִ֨י (vattĕhî) – Root: היה (h-y-h); Form: Qal imperfect, third feminine singular with vav consecutive; Translation: “And it was”; Notes: Introduces the statement about the beginning of Nimrod’s kingdom.
2. רֵאשִׁ֤ית (rēʾšîṯ) – Root: ראש (r-ʾ-š); Form: Noun, singular feminine absolute; Translation: “the beginning”; Notes: Refers to the initial stage of his kingdom.
3. מַמְלַכְתֹּו֙ (mamlaḵtōw) – Root: מלך (m-l-k); Form: Noun, singular feminine construct with third masculine singular suffix; Translation: “his kingdom”; Notes: Indicates possession by Nimrod.
4. בָּבֶ֔ל (bāḇel) – Root: בבל (b-b-l); Form: Proper noun, singular feminine; Translation: “Babel”; Notes: Refers to the city in the region of Shinar.
5. וְאֶ֖רֶךְ (wĕʾereḵ) – Root: ארך (ʾ-r-k); Form: Proper noun, singular feminine; Translation: “Erech”; Notes: A city associated with Nimrod’s rule.
6. וְאַכַּ֣ד (wĕʾakkaḏ) – Root: אכד (ʾ-k-d); Form: Proper noun, singular feminine; Translation: “Akkad”; Notes: A key city in Nimrod’s kingdom.
7. וְכַלְנֵ֑ה (wĕḵalnêh) – Root: כלנ (k-l-n); Form: Proper noun, singular feminine; Translation: “Calneh”; Notes: Another city in the land of Shinar.
8. בְּאֶ֖רֶץ (bĕʾereṣ) – Root: ארץ (ʾ-r-ṣ); Form: Noun, singular feminine construct; Translation: “in the land of”; Notes: Specifies the location of the kingdom.
9. שִׁנְעָֽר (šinʿār) – Root: שנער (š-n-ʿ-r); Form: Proper noun, singular feminine; Translation: “Shinar”; Notes: Refers to the region where Nimrod’s kingdom was established.