1 Samuel 14:16

וַיִּרְא֤וּ הַצֹּפִים֙ לְשָׁא֔וּל בְּגִבְעַ֖ת בִּנְיָמִ֑ן וְהִנֵּ֧ה הֶהָמֹ֛ון נָמֹ֖וג וַיֵּ֥לֶךְ וַהֲלֹֽם׃ פ

And the watchmen of Shaʾul in Giveʿa of Binyamin saw, and behold, the multitude was scattering and going back and forth.

Morphology

1. וַיִּרְא֤וּ (vayyirʾu) – Root: ראה (raʾah); Form: Qal wayyiqtol (sequential imperfect) 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “And they saw”; Notes: Refers to the watchmen observing the event.
2. הַצֹּפִים֙ (ha-tsofim) – Root: צפה (tsafah); Form: Noun, masculine plural absolute with definite article; Translation: “the watchmen”; Notes: Military observers.
3. לְשָׁא֔וּל (le-Shaʾul) – Root: שאול (Shaʾul); Form: Proper noun, singular with preposition; Translation: “to Shaʾul”; Notes: Refers to King Shaʾul.
4. בְּגִבְעַ֖ת (be-Givʿat) – Root: גבעה (Givʿah); Form: Noun, feminine singular construct with preposition; Translation: “in Givʿat”; Notes: Refers to a specific location.
5. בִּנְיָמִ֑ן (Binyamin) – Root: בנימין (Binyamin); Form: Proper noun, singular absolute; Translation: “Binyamin”; Notes: Refers to the territory of the tribe of Benjamin.
6. וְהִנֵּ֧ה (ve-hinneh) – Root: הנה (hinneh); Form: Interjection; Translation: “and behold”; Notes: Draws attention to the action.
7. הֶהָמֹ֛ון (he-hamon) – Root: המון (hamon); Form: Noun, masculine singular absolute with definite article; Translation: “the multitude”; Notes: Refers to the Pelishtim army.
8. נָמֹ֖וג (namog) – Root: מוג (mog); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “was scattering”; Notes: Indicates panic.
9. וַיֵּ֥לֶךְ (vayyelekh) – Root: הלך (halakh); Form: Qal wayyiqtol (sequential imperfect) 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “and was going”; Notes: Movement of the army.
10. וַהֲלֹֽם׃ (va-halom) – Root: הלם (halom); Form: Adverb; Translation: “back and forth”; Notes: Indicates confusion and disarray.