וַיָּבֹ֨א יֹואָ֣ב אֶל־הַמֶּלֶךְ֮ וַיַּגֶּד־לֹו֒ וַיִּקְרָ֤א אֶל־אַבְשָׁלֹום֙ וַיָּבֹ֣א אֶל־הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ וַיִּשְׁתַּ֨חוּ לֹ֧ו עַל־אַפָּ֛יו אַ֖רְצָה לִפְנֵ֣י הַמֶּ֑לֶךְ וַיִּשַּׁ֥ק הַמֶּ֖לֶךְ לְאַבְשָׁלֹֽום׃ פ
And Yoʾav came to the king and told him, and he called for Avshalom, and he came to the king and bowed himself to him on his face to the ground before the king, and the king kissed Avshalom.
Morphology
- וַיָּבֹ֨א (va-yavo) – Root: בוא; Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And he came”; Notes: Marks the entrance of Yoʾav to the king.
- יֹואָ֣ב (Yoʾav) – Root: יואב; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Yoʾav”; Notes: Subject of the verb; general of King Dawid.
- אֶל־הַמֶּלֶךְ (el-ha-melekh) – Root: מלך; Form: Preposition + definite noun masculine singular; Translation: “to the king”; Notes: Destination of Yoʾav’s action.
- וַיַּגֶּד־לֹו (va-yagged-lo) – Root: נגד; Form: Hifʿil wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine singular + 3ms suffix; Translation: “and he told him”; Notes: Causative form indicating a report or announcement.
- וַיִּקְרָא (va-yiqra) – Root: קרא; Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “and he called”; Notes: Refers to the king summoning Avshalom.
- אֶל־אַבְשָׁלֹום (el-Avshalom) – Root: אבשלום; Form: Preposition + proper noun; Translation: “for Avshalom”; Notes: Direct object of the king’s command.
- וַיָּבֹא (va-yavo) – Root: בוא; Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “and he came”; Notes: Avshalom’s approach to the king.
- אֶל־הַמֶּלֶךְ (el-ha-melekh) – Root: מלך; Form: Preposition + definite noun; Translation: “to the king”; Notes: Target of the approach.
- וַיִּשְׁתַּחוּ (va-yishtakhu) – Root: שׁחה; Form: Hishtafʿel (Hishtachavah) wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine singular (used reflexively); Translation: “and he bowed himself”; Notes: Act of obeisance or reverence before the king.
- לֹו (lo) – Root: לו; Form: Preposition + 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “to him”; Notes: Refers to the king.
- עַל־אַפָּיו (ʿal-appav) – Root: אף; Form: Preposition + noun masculine plural (dual) with 3ms suffix; Translation: “on his face”; Notes: Indicates posture of deep submission.
- אַרְצָה (ʾartzah) – Root: ארץ; Form: Noun feminine singular with directional he; Translation: “to the ground”; Notes: Directional suffix shows movement toward the ground.
- לִפְנֵי (lifnei) – Root: פנה; Form: Preposition (construct form); Translation: “before”; Notes: Common idiom for standing in the presence of someone.
- הַמֶּלֶךְ (ha-melekh) – Root: מלך; Form: Definite noun masculine singular; Translation: “the king”; Notes: Refers again to Dawid.
- וַיִּשַּׁק (va-yishaq) – Root: נשק; Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “and he kissed”; Notes: Expression of acceptance or reconciliation.
- הַמֶּלֶךְ (ha-melekh) – Root: מלך; Form: Noun masculine singular with definite article; Translation: “the king”; Notes: Subject of the verb *va-yishaq*.
- לְאַבְשָׁלֹום (le-Avshalom) – Root: אבשלום; Form: Preposition + proper noun; Translation: “Avshalom”; Notes: The one whom the king kissed, final action of reconciliation.