2 Samuel 19:22 (2 Samuel 19:21)

וַיַּ֨עַן אֲבִישַׁ֤י בֶּן־צְרוּיָה֙ וַיֹּ֔אמֶר הֲתַ֣חַת זֹ֔את לֹ֥א יוּמַ֖ת שִׁמְעִ֑י כִּ֥י קִלֵּ֖ל אֶת־מְשִׁ֥יחַ יְהוָֽה׃ ס

Then Avishai son of Tseruya answered and said, “Should Shimeʿi not be put to death for this, for he cursed the anointed of YHWH?”

Morphology

1. וַיַּעַן (vayyaʿan) – Root: ענה; Form: Wayyiqtol Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular; Translation: “Then he answered”; Notes: Introduces a direct response.
2. אֲבִישַׁי (Avishai) – Root: אבישׁי; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Avishai”; Notes: A commander and son of Tseruyah.
3. בֶּן־צְרוּיָה (ben-Tseruyah) – Root: בן, צרויה; Form: Construct noun + proper noun; Translation: “son of Tseruyah”; Notes: Identifies Avishai’s mother.
4. וַיֹּאמֶר (vayyōmer) – Root: אמר; Form: Wayyiqtol Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular; Translation: “and he said”; Notes: Marks direct speech continuation.
5. הֲתַחַת (hataḥat) – Root: תחת; Form: Interrogative particle + preposition/noun; Translation: “Should [he] under this…?”; Notes: Rhetorical question of consequence.
6. זֹאת (zot) – Root: זה; Form: Demonstrative pronoun feminine singular; Translation: “this”; Notes: Refers to Shimʿi’s action.
7. לֹא (lo) – Root: לא; Form: Negative particle; Translation: “not”; Notes: Part of rhetorical question expecting affirmation.
8. יוּמַת (yumat) – Root: מות; Form: Hofal imperfect 3rd masculine singular; Translation: “be put to death”; Notes: Passive causative verb form.
9. שִׁמְעִי (Shimʿi) – Root: שמע; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Shimʿi”; Notes: Subject of the passive verb.
10. כִּי (ki) – Root: כי; Form: Conjunction; Translation: “for”; Notes: Introduces reason for punishment.
11. קִלֵּל (killel) – Root: קלל; Form: Piel perfect 3rd masculine singular; Translation: “he cursed”; Notes: Intensified or emphatic verb form.
12. אֶת־מְשִׁיחַ (et-meshiyaḥ) – Root: משח; Form: Direct object marker + noun masculine singular; Translation: “the anointed”; Notes: Title for YHWH’s chosen king.
13. יְהוָה (YHWH) – Root: היה; Form: Proper name of the God of Yisraʾel; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: Divine name; refers to God’s chosen one.