שְׁמֹנֶה֩ עֶשְׂרֵ֨ה אַמָּ֜ה קֹומַ֣ת הָעַמּ֣וּד הָאֶחָ֗ד וְכֹתֶ֨רֶת עָלָ֥יו נְחֹשֶׁת֮ וְקֹומַ֣ת הַכֹּתֶרֶת֮ שָׁלֹ֣שׁ אַמֹּ֗ות וּשְׂבָכָ֨ה וְרִמֹּנִ֧ים עַֽל־הַכֹּתֶ֛רֶת סָבִ֖יב הַכֹּ֣ל נְחֹ֑שֶׁת וְכָאֵ֛לֶּה לַֽעַמּ֥וּד הַשֵּׁנִ֖י עַל־הַשְּׂבָכָֽה׃
Eighteen cubits was the height of the one pillar, and a capital of bronze was upon it, and the height of the capital was three cubits, and latticework and pomegranates were upon the capital all around—all of it bronze. And like these was for the second pillar upon the latticework.
Morphology
- שְׁמֹנֶה (shemoneh) – Root: שׁמנה (sh-m-n-h); Form: Cardinal number masculine; Translation: “eight”; Notes: Part of the compound number.
- עֶשְׂרֵה (esreh) – Root: עשר (ʿ-š-r); Form: Cardinal number masculine; Translation: “ten”; Notes: Together with שְׁמֹנֶה = eighteen.
- אַמָּה (ammah) – Root: אמה (ʾ-m-h); Form: Noun feminine singular; Translation: “cubit”; Notes: Ancient measure, approx. 45 cm.
- קֹומַת (qomat) – Root: קום (q-w-m); Form: Construct noun feminine singular; Translation: “height of”; Notes: Introduces the dimension of the pillar.
- הָעַמּוּד (ha-ʿammud) – Root: עמד (ʿ-m-d); Form: Definite noun masculine singular; Translation: “the pillar”; Notes: Refers to one of the Temple’s bronze pillars.
- הָאֶחָד (ha-eḥad) – Root: אחד (ʾ-ḥ-d); Form: Definite cardinal number; Translation: “the one”; Notes: Distinguishes it from the second pillar.
- וְכֹתֶרֶת (ve-koteret) – Root: כותר (k-t-r); Form: Conjunction + noun feminine singular; Translation: “and a capital”; Notes: Architectural top of the pillar.
- עָלָיו (ʿalav) – Root: על (ʿ-l); Form: Preposition + 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “upon it”; Notes: Refers to the capital placed on the pillar.
- נְחֹשֶׁת (nəḥoshet) – Root: נחשת (n-ḥ-sh-t); Form: Noun feminine singular; Translation: “bronze”; Notes: Indicates the material of the capital.
- וְקֹומַת (ve-qomat) – Root: קום (q-w-m); Form: Conjunction + construct noun feminine singular; Translation: “and the height of”; Notes: Refers again to height, now of the capital itself.
- הַכֹּתֶרֶת (ha-koteret) – Root: כותר (k-t-r); Form: Definite noun feminine singular; Translation: “the capital”; Notes: The top section of the pillar.
- שָׁלֹשׁ (shalosh) – Root: שלש (sh-l-sh); Form: Cardinal number feminine; Translation: “three”; Notes: Agrees in gender with cubits (feminine).
- אַמּוֹת (ammot) – Root: אמה (ʾ-m-h); Form: Plural feminine noun; Translation: “cubits”; Notes: Unit of measure for height.
- וּשְׂבָכָה (u-səvakhah) – Root: שׂבך (s-v-kh); Form: Conjunction + noun feminine singular; Translation: “and latticework”; Notes: Decorative mesh on the capital.
- וְרִמֹּנִים (ve-rimmonim) – Root: רמן (r-m-n); Form: Conjunction + plural masculine noun; Translation: “and pomegranates”; Notes: Ornamentation attached to the capital.
- עַל־הַכֹּתֶרֶת (ʿal ha-koteret) – Root: על (ʿ-l); Form: Preposition + definite noun feminine singular; Translation: “upon the capital”; Notes: Indicates position of decorations.
- סָבִיב (saviv) – Root: סבב (s-v-v); Form: Adverb; Translation: “all around”; Notes: Encircling the capital.
- הַכֹּל (ha-kol) – Root: כל (k-l); Form: Definite noun masculine singular; Translation: “all of it”; Notes: Refers to entirety of the design.
- נְחֹשֶׁת (nəḥoshet) – Root: נחשת (n-ḥ-sh-t); Form: Noun feminine singular; Translation: “bronze”; Notes: Everything described was made of bronze.
- וְכָאֵלֶּה (ve-kaʾelleh) – Root: אלה (ʾ-l-h); Form: Conjunction + comparative particle + demonstrative plural; Translation: “and like these”; Notes: Introduces parallel structure with second pillar.
- לַעַמּוּד (la-ʿammud) – Root: עמד (ʿ-m-d); Form: Preposition + definite noun masculine singular; Translation: “for the pillar”; Notes: Refers to the second matching pillar.
- הַשֵּׁנִי (ha-sheni) – Root: שני (sh-n-y); Form: Definite ordinal number masculine singular; Translation: “the second”; Notes: Indicates counterpart to the first pillar.
- עַל־הַשְּׂבָכָה (ʿal ha-səvakhah) – Root: שׂבך (s-v-kh); Form: Preposition + definite noun feminine singular; Translation: “upon the latticework”; Notes: Indicates similar decoration on second pillar.