Isaiah 51:12

אָנֹכִ֧י אָנֹכִ֛י ה֖וּא מְנַחֶמְכֶ֑ם מִֽי־אַ֤תְּ וַתִּֽירְאִי֙ מֵאֱנֹ֣ושׁ יָמ֔וּת וּמִבֶּן־אָדָ֖ם חָצִ֥יר יִנָּתֵֽן׃

I, I am He who comforts you. Who are you, that you fear mortal man who dies, and the son of man who is given like grass?

Morphology

1. אָנֹכִ֧י (ʾanokhī) – Root: אנכ (ʾanokh); Form: Independent pronoun 1st person singular; Translation: “I”; Notes: Used for emphasis; repeated for rhetorical strength.
2. אָנֹכִ֛י (ʾanokhī) – Root: אנכ (ʾanokh); Form: Independent pronoun 1st person singular (repetition); Translation: “I”; Notes: Reinforces the divine speaker’s authority.
3. ה֖וּא (hu) – Root: הוא (hu); Form: Independent pronoun 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “He”; Notes: Equates the speaker with the one who comforts.
4. מְנַחֶמְכֶ֑ם (menakhemkhem) – Root: נחם (naḥam); Form: Piel participle masculine singular + 2nd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “who comforts you”; Notes: Emphatic divine present participle action.
5. מִֽי־ (mī) – Root: מי (mī); Form: Interrogative pronoun; Translation: “Who”; Notes: Begins rhetorical question challenging misplaced fear.
6. אַ֤תְּ (ʾat) – Root: את (ʾat); Form: Independent pronoun feminine singular; Translation: “are you”; Notes: Addressed to Zion or the people as feminine entity.
7. וַתִּֽירְאִי֙ (va-tirʾī) – Root: ירא (yaraʾ); Form: Qal wayyiqtol 2nd person feminine singular; Translation: “that you fear”; Notes: Expresses surprising or reproachful behavior.
8. מֵאֱנֹ֣ושׁ (me-ʾenosh) – Root: אנש (ʾenosh); Form: Preposition + noun masculine singular; Translation: “mortal man”; Notes: Refers to weak, transient human beings.
9. יָמ֔וּת (yamut) – Root: מות (mut); Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “who dies”; Notes: Characterizes man as perishable.
10. וּמִבֶּן־אָדָ֖ם (u-mi-ben-ʾadam) – Root: בן (ben) / אדם (ʾadam); Form: Conjunction + preposition + construct noun + noun masculine singular; Translation: “and the son of man”; Notes: Parallelism emphasizing human frailty.
11. חָצִ֥יר (ḥatsir) – Root: חציר (ḥatsir); Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “grass”; Notes: Symbol of transience and frailty.
12. יִנָּתֵֽן (yinnaten) – Root: נתן (natan); Form: Nifal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “is given”; Notes: Passive form, possibly implying destined or fated like grass.