Isaiah 65:22

לֹ֤א יִבְנוּ֙ וְאַחֵ֣ר יֵשֵׁ֔ב לֹ֥א יִטְּע֖וּ וְאַחֵ֣ר יֹאכֵ֑ל כִּֽי־כִימֵ֤י הָעֵץ֙ יְמֵ֣י עַמִּ֔י וּמַעֲשֵׂ֥ה יְדֵיהֶ֖ם יְבַלּ֥וּ בְחִירָֽי׃

They shall not build and another dwell, they shall not plant and another eat; for as the days of the tree shall be the days of My people, and the work of their hands My chosen ones shall use up.

Morphology

1. לֹ֤א (lo) – Root: לא; Form: Negative particle; Translation: “not”; Notes: Negates the following verb.
2. יִבְנוּ֙ (yivnū) – Root: בנה; Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “they shall build”; Notes: Future negative construction.
3. וְאַחֵ֣ר (ve-aḥer) – Root: אחר; Form: Conjunction + noun, masculine singular; Translation: “and another”; Notes: Subject of the following verb.
4. יֵשֵׁ֔ב (yeshev) – Root: ישׁב; Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “shall dwell”; Notes: Paired contrast: builder vs. dweller.
5. לֹ֥א (lo) – Root: לא; Form: Negative particle; Translation: “not”; Notes: Repeated for parallelism.
6. יִטְּע֖וּ (yiṭṭəʿū) – Root: נטע; Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “they shall plant”; Notes: Parallel to “they shall build.”
7. וְאַחֵ֣ר (ve-aḥer) – Root: אחר; Form: Conjunction + noun, masculine singular; Translation: “and another”; Notes: Repetition reinforces justice theme.
8. יֹאכֵ֑ל (yoʾkhel) – Root: אכל; Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “shall eat”; Notes: Continuation of contrast.
9. כִּֽי־כִימֵ֤י (ki-kimē) – Root: כי / יום; Form: Conjunction + construct plural; Translation: “for as the days of”; Notes: Introduces simile.
10. הָעֵץ֙ (ha-ʿets) – Root: עץ; Form: Noun, masculine singular with definite article; Translation: “the tree”; Notes: Symbol of long life.
11. יְמֵ֣י (yəmē) – Root: יום; Form: Noun, masculine plural construct; Translation: “the days of”; Notes: Construct with “My people.”
12. עַמִּ֔י (ʿammī) – Root: עם; Form: Noun, masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix; Translation: “My people”; Notes: Possessive relationship.
13. וּמַעֲשֵׂ֥ה (u-maʿăsēh) – Root: עשה; Form: Noun, masculine singular construct with conjunction; Translation: “and the work of”; Notes: Construct with “their hands.”
14. יְדֵיהֶ֖ם (yədēhem) – Root: יד; Form: Noun, feminine plural with 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “their hands”; Notes: Subject of the verb “shall use up.”
15. יְבַלּ֥וּ (yəvallū) – Root: בלה; Form: Piel imperfect 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “shall use up”; Notes: Conveys enjoyment and longevity of one’s own labor.
16. בְחִירָֽי׃ (ve-ḥīray) – Root: בחר; Form: Noun, masculine plural with 1st person singular suffix; Translation: “My chosen ones”; Notes: Subject or beneficiary of the preceding verb.