וְשָׁת֕וּ וְהִֽתְגֹּֽעֲשׁ֖וּ וְהִתְהֹלָ֑לוּ מִפְּנֵ֣י הַחֶ֔רֶב אֲשֶׁ֛ר אָנֹכִ֥י שֹׁלֵ֖חַ בֵּינֹתָֽם׃
And they shall drink, and stagger, and act madly because of the sword that I am sending among them.”
Morphology
- וְשָׁתוּ (ve-shatu) – Root: שתה; Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine plural with vav-consecutive; Translation: “and they shall drink”; Notes: Refers to drinking the symbolic goblet of wrath.
- וְהִתְגֹּעֲשׁוּ (ve-hitgoʿashu) – Root: געשׁ; Form: Hitpael perfect 3rd person masculine plural with vav-consecutive; Translation: “and they shall stagger”; Notes: Reflexive-intensified motion indicating confusion or instability.
- וְהִתְהֹלָלוּ (ve-hitholalu) – Root: הלל; Form: Hitpael perfect 3rd person masculine plural with vav-consecutive; Translation: “and they shall act madly”; Notes: Conveys irrational or frenzied behavior under divine judgment.
- מִפְּנֵי (mi-penei) – Root: פנים; Form: Preposition + construct noun plural; Translation: “because of”; Notes: Introduces the cause of their madness and staggering.
- הַחֶרֶב (ha-ḥerev) – Root: חרב; Form: Definite noun feminine singular; Translation: “the sword”; Notes: Symbol of war and divine judgment.
- אֲשֶׁר (ʾasher) – Root: אשר; Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “that”; Notes: Introduces a relative clause describing the sword.
- אָנֹכִי (anokhi) – Root: Personal pronoun; Form: 1st person singular independent pronoun; Translation: “I”; Notes: Emphatic subject, referring to YHWH.
- שֹׁלֵחַ (sholeaḥ) – Root: שלח; Form: Qal participle masculine singular; Translation: “am sending”; Notes: Indicates continuous or imminent action by YHWH.
- בֵּינֹתָם (beinotam) – Root: בין; Form: Preposition + 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “among them”; Notes: Describes the location of the divine weapon’s effect.