Jeremiah 44:3

מִפְּנֵי רָעָתָם אֲשֶׁר עָשׂוּ לְהַכְעִסֵנִי לָלֶכֶת לְקַטֵּר לַעֲבֹד לֵאלֹהִים אֲחֵרִים אֲשֶׁר לֹא יְדָעוּם הֵמָּה אַתֶּם וַאֲבֹתֵיכֶם׃

because of their evil which they did to provoke Me to anger, to go to burn incense, to serve other gods whom they knew not, neither they, nor you, nor your fathers.

Morphology

1. מִפְּנֵי (mipenei) – Root: פנה (panah); Form: Preposition + construct plural; Translation: “because of”; Notes: Indicates cause or reason.
2. רָעָתָם (raʿatam) – Root: רעע (raʿaʿ); Form: Noun feminine singular + 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “their evil”; Notes: Refers to moral corruption.
3. אֲשֶׁר (ʾasher) – Root: Particle; Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “which”; Notes: Introduces relative clause.
4. עָשׂוּ (ʿasu) – Root: עשה (ʿasah); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “they did”; Notes: General action of sin.
5. לְהַכְעִסֵנִי (le-hakhʿiseni) – Root: כעס (kaʿas); Form: Hifil infinitive construct + 1st person singular suffix; Translation: “to provoke Me to anger”; Notes: Expresses purpose of their idolatry.
6. לָלֶכֶת (lalekhet) – Root: הלך (halakh); Form: Infinitive construct with prefixed preposition; Translation: “to go”; Notes: Indicates the course of their actions.
7. לְקַטֵּר (le-qatter) – Root: קטר (qatar); Form: Piel infinitive construct; Translation: “to burn incense”; Notes: Cultic act of worship.
8. לַעֲבֹד (laʿavod) – Root: עבד (ʿavad); Form: Qal infinitive construct; Translation: “to serve”; Notes: Refers to worship or cultic service.
9. לֵאלֹהִים (le-ʾelohim) – Root: אלה (ʾeloah); Form: Preposition + noun masculine plural; Translation: “other gods”; Notes: Deities outside covenant worship.
10. אֲחֵרִים (aḥerim) – Root: אחר (aḥer); Form: Adjective masculine plural; Translation: “other”; Notes: Qualifies the gods as foreign.
11. אֲשֶׁר (ʾasher) – Root: Particle; Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “whom”; Notes: Refers to the false gods.
12. לֹא (lo) – Root: לא (lo); Form: Negative particle; Translation: “not”; Notes: Negates the verb.
13. יְדָעוּם (yedʿum) – Root: ידע (yadaʿ); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine plural + 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “they knew them”; Notes: Stresses ignorance of these gods.
14. הֵמָּה (hemmah) – Root: Pronoun; Form: Independent pronoun masculine plural; Translation: “they”; Notes: Emphatic subject.
15. אַתֶּם (ʾatem) – Root: Pronoun; Form: Independent pronoun masculine plural; Translation: “you”; Notes: Direct address to the audience.
16. וַאֲבֹתֵיכֶם (va-ʾavotekhem) – Root: אב (ʾav); Form: Conjunction + noun masculine plural construct + 2nd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “and your fathers”; Notes: Extends responsibility across generations.