וְלֹא־יוּכַל יְהוָה עֹוד לָשֵׂאת מִפְּנֵי רֹעַ מַעַלְלֵיכֶם מִפְּנֵי הַתֹּועֵבֹת אֲשֶׁר עֲשִׂיתֶם וַתְּהִי אַרְצְכֶם לְחָרְבָּה וּלְשַׁמָּה וְלִקְלָלָה מֵאֵין יֹושֵׁב כְּהַיֹּום הַזֶּה׃
And YHWH could no longer bear it, because of the evil of your deeds, because of the abominations that you have done; and your land became a desolation, a horror, and a curse, without inhabitant, as this day.
Morphology
- וְלֹא־ (ve-lo) – Root: לא (lo); Form: Conjunction + negative particle; Translation: “and not”; Notes: Negates the following verb.
- יוּכַל (yukhal) – Root: יכל (yakhol); Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “he could / was able”; Notes: Here expresses inability.
- יְהוָה (YHWH) – Root: Proper noun; Form: Tetragrammaton; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The covenantal name of God.
- עֹוד (ʿod) – Root: —; Form: Adverb; Translation: “any longer”; Notes: Indicates continuation or duration.
- לָשֵׂאת (la-seʾet) – Root: נשא (nasaʾ); Form: Qal infinitive construct; Translation: “to bear”; Notes: Refers to tolerating or enduring.
- מִפְּנֵי (mi-penei) – Root: פנה (panim); Form: Preposition + plural construct; Translation: “because of / from before”; Notes: Indicates cause or source.
- רֹעַ (roʿaʿ) – Root: רעע (raʿaʿ); Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “evil”; Notes: Refers to moral corruption.
- מַעַלְלֵיכֶם (maʿal’leikhem) – Root: עלל (ʿalal); Form: Noun masculine plural construct + 2nd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “your deeds”; Notes: Refers to their actions or practices.
- מִפְּנֵי (mi-penei) – Root: פנה (panim); Form: Preposition + plural construct; Translation: “because of / from before”; Notes: Parallel clause reinforcing cause.
- הַתֹּועֵבֹת (ha-toʿevot) – Root: תעב (toʿevah); Form: Definite noun feminine plural; Translation: “the abominations”; Notes: Idolatrous or detestable practices.
- אֲשֶׁר (ʾasher) – Root: —; Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “that”; Notes: Introduces subordinate clause.
- עֲשִׂיתֶם (ʿasitem) – Root: עשׂה (ʿasah); Form: Qal perfect 2nd person masculine plural; Translation: “you have done”; Notes: Refers to past sinful acts.
- וַתְּהִי (va-tehi) – Root: היה (hayah); Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3rd person feminine singular; Translation: “and it became”; Notes: Describes resultant state of the land.
- אַרְצְכֶם (artzekhem) – Root: ארץ (ʾaretz); Form: Noun feminine singular + 2nd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “your land”; Notes: Refers to Judah’s territory.
- לְחָרְבָּה (le-ḥorbah) – Root: חרב (ḥarav); Form: Preposition + noun feminine singular; Translation: “to desolation”; Notes: Devastated state.
- וּלְשַׁמָּה (u-le-shammah) – Root: שׁמם (shamam); Form: Conjunction + preposition + noun feminine singular; Translation: “and to horror”; Notes: Denotes ruin inspiring shock.
- וְלִקְלָלָה (ve-li-qelalah) – Root: קלל (qalal); Form: Conjunction + preposition + noun feminine singular; Translation: “and to a curse”; Notes: Condition inviting reproach.
- מֵאֵין (meʾein) – Root: אין (ʾein); Form: Preposition + negative particle; Translation: “without”; Notes: Expresses lack or absence.
- יֹושֵׁב (yoshev) – Root: ישׁב (yashav); Form: Qal participle masculine singular; Translation: “inhabitant”; Notes: Someone dwelling in the land.
- כְּהַיֹּום (ke-hayom) – Root: יום (yom); Form: Preposition + noun masculine singular; Translation: “as the day”; Notes: Points to present time.
- הַזֶּה (ha-zeh) – Root: זה (zeh); Form: Demonstrative pronoun masculine singular; Translation: “this”; Notes: Emphasizes present reality.