וַתֻּתַּ֤שׁ בְּחֵמָה֙ לָאָ֣רֶץ הֻשְׁלָ֔כָה וְר֥וּחַ הַקָּדִ֖ים הֹובִ֣ישׁ פִּרְיָ֑הּ הִתְפָּרְק֧וּ וְיָבֵ֛שׁוּ מַטֵּ֥ה עֻזָּ֖הּ אֵ֥שׁ אֲכָלָֽתְהוּ׃
And she was plucked up in fury, to the ground she was cast down, and the east wind dried up her fruit; her strong rods were broken and withered, fire consumed them.
Morphology
- וַתֻּתַּשׁ (va-tuttash) – Root: נתשׁ (natash); Form: Pual wayyiqtol (narrative past) 3rd person feminine singular; Translation: “And she was plucked up”; Notes: Passive intensive—violent uprooting of the vine.
- בְּחֵמָה (be-ḥemah) – Root: חמה (ḥemah); Form: Preposition בְּ + noun feminine singular absolute; Translation: “in fury”; Notes: Indicates the anger or wrath driving the action.
- לָאָרֶץ (la-ʾarets) – Root: ארץ (ʾerets); Form: Preposition לְ + noun feminine singular definite; Translation: “to the ground”; Notes: Direction of the casting down.
- הֻשְׁלָכָה (hushlakhah) – Root: שלך (shalakh); Form: Hophal perfect 3rd person feminine singular; Translation: “she was cast down”; Notes: Passive causative, emphasizing violent overthrow.
- וְרוּחַ (ve-ruaḥ) – Root: רוח (ruaḥ); Form: Conjunction + noun feminine singular absolute; Translation: “and wind”; Notes: Introduces the destructive force.
- הַקָּדִים (ha-qadim) – Root: קדים (qadim); Form: Definite noun masculine singular; Translation: “the east wind”; Notes: Often symbol of scorching, destructive force in the Bible.
- הֹובִישׁ (hovish) – Root: יבשׁ (yavash); Form: Hiphil perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “dried up”; Notes: Causative nuance—made dry.
- פִּרְיָהּ (piryah) – Root: פרי (peri); Form: Noun masculine singular + 3rd person feminine singular suffix; Translation: “her fruit”; Notes: Symbolizes her productivity being destroyed.
- הִתְפָּרְקוּ (hitparequ) – Root: פרק (paraq); Form: Hitpael perfect 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “were broken off”; Notes: Reflexive nuance, showing the rods snapping away.
- וְיָבֵשׁוּ (ve-yaveshu) – Root: יבשׁ (yavash); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “and withered”; Notes: Parallel description of the rods’ lifelessness.
- מַטֵּה (matteh) – Root: מטה (matteh); Form: Noun masculine singular construct; Translation: “rod of”; Notes: Symbol of power or leadership.
- עֻזָּהּ (uzzah) – Root: עזז (ʿazaz); Form: Noun masculine singular + 3rd person feminine singular suffix; Translation: “her strength”; Notes: Represents the strongest branch/leader of the vine.
- אֵשׁ (ʾesh) – Root: אשׁ (ʾesh); Form: Noun feminine singular absolute; Translation: “fire”; Notes: Element of total destruction.
- אֲכָלָתְהוּ (akhalatʹhu) – Root: אכל (ʾakhal); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person feminine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “consumed it”; Notes: Fire is the subject, utterly devouring the strong rod.