Ezekiel 40:23

וְשַׁ֨עַר֙ לֶחָצֵ֣ר הַפְּנִימִ֔י נֶ֣גֶד הַשַּׁ֔עַר לַצָּפֹ֖ון וְלַקָּדִ֑ים וַיָּ֧מָד מִשַּׁ֛עַר אֶל־שַׁ֖עַר מֵאָ֥ה אַמָּֽה׃

And there was a gate to the inner court, opposite the gate toward the north and toward the east; and he measured from gate to gate a hundred cubits.

Morphology

1. וְשַׁעַר (ve-shaʿar) – Root: שׁער (shaʿar); Form: Conjunction וְ + noun masculine singular absolute; Translation: “and a gate”; Notes: Introduces a new gate structure in the temple vision, distinct from the previous measurements.
2. לֶחָצֵר (le-ḥatser) – Root: חצר (ḥatser); Form: Preposition לְ + noun masculine singular construct; Translation: “to the court”; Notes: Refers to the courtyard complex associated with the temple, in this case the inner court.
3. הַפְּנִימִי (ha-penimi) – Root: פנים (panim); Form: Definite adjective masculine singular; Translation: “the inner”; Notes: Specifies that the court described is the inner one, distinct from the outer court.
4. נֶגֶד (neged) – Root: נגד (nagad); Form: Preposition; Translation: “opposite”; Notes: Denotes spatial correspondence or alignment between structures.
5. הַשַּׁעַר (ha-shaʿar) – Root: שׁער (shaʿar); Form: Definite noun masculine singular; Translation: “the gate”; Notes: Refers to the outer gate serving as a reference for measurement.
6. לַצָּפֹון (la-tsafon) – Root: צפון (tsafon); Form: Preposition לְ + definite noun masculine singular; Translation: “toward the north”; Notes: Specifies directional orientation relative to temple layout.
7. וְלַקָּדִים (ve-la-qadim) – Root: קדם (qadam); Form: Conjunction וְ + preposition לְ + definite noun masculine singular; Translation: “and toward the east”; Notes: Marks dual alignment—north and east—showing the axial symmetry of the structure.
8. וַיָּמָד (va-yamad) – Root: מדד (madad); Form: Qal wayyiqtol (narrative past) 3ms; Translation: “and he measured”; Notes: Indicates an act of measuring, continuing Ezekiel’s observation under divine guidance.
9. מִשַּׁעַר (mi-shaʿar) – Root: שׁער (shaʿar); Form: Preposition מִן + noun masculine singular; Translation: “from the gate”; Notes: The measurement begins at one gate as a starting point.
10. אֶל־שַׁעַר (el-shaʿar) – Root: שׁער (shaʿar); Form: Preposition אֶל + noun masculine singular; Translation: “to the gate”; Notes: Marks the endpoint of the measurement, emphasizing distance between two gates.
11. מֵאָה (meʾah) – Root: מאה (meʾah); Form: Numeral feminine singular; Translation: “a hundred”; Notes: Indicates the measured distance in cubits, a standard temple measurement unit.
12. אַמָּה (ʾammah) – Root: אמה (ʾammāh); Form: Noun feminine singular absolute; Translation: “cubit”; Notes: Represents the linear measurement unit (approx. 45–52 cm) used for temple construction dimensions.