אֶל־פְּנֵי־אֹ֨רֶךְ֙ אַמֹּ֣ות הַמֵּאָ֔ה פֶּ֖תַח הַצָּפֹ֑ון וְהָרֹ֖חַב חֲמִשִּׁ֥ים אַמֹּֽות׃
Toward the face of the length of a hundred cubits was the entrance of the north, and the width fifty cubits.
Morphology
- אֶל־פְּנֵי (ʾel-penei) – Root: פנה (panah); Form: Preposition אֶל + noun masculine plural construct; Translation: “toward the face of”; Notes: The construct form “פְּנֵי” (faces of) functions idiomatically as “in front of” or “toward.”
- אֹרֶךְ (ʾorekh) – Root: ארך (ʾarakh); Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “length”; Notes: Refers to the longitudinal dimension of the area described.
- אַמֹּות (ʾammot) – Root: אמה (ʾammah); Form: Noun feminine plural; Translation: “cubits”; Notes: A standard Hebrew unit of measure approximately 18 inches or 45 centimeters.
- הַמֵּאָה (ha-meʾah) – Root: מאה (meʾah); Form: Definite numeral feminine singular; Translation: “the hundred”; Notes: Specifies the total measurement — one hundred cubits in length.
- פֶּתַח (petah) – Root: פתח (pataḥ); Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “entrance”; Notes: Denotes an opening or gate in the northern wall of the structure.
- הַצָּפֹון (ha-tsafon) – Root: צפון (tsafon); Form: Definite noun masculine singular; Translation: “the north”; Notes: Indicates the northern direction, associated with the entrance orientation.
- וְהָרֹחַב (ve-ha-roḥav) – Root: רחב (raḥav); Form: Conjunction וְ + definite noun masculine singular; Translation: “and the width”; Notes: Introduces the second measurement of the described space.
- חֲמִשִּׁים (ḥamishim) – Root: חמשׁ (ḥamesh); Form: Numeral masculine plural; Translation: “fifty”; Notes: States the breadth of the northern section.
- אַמֹּות (ʾammot) – Root: אמה (ʾammah); Form: Noun feminine plural; Translation: “cubits”; Notes: Repetition reinforces the specific measurement unit for both length and width.