בְּאַרְבַּ֜עַת מִקְצֹעֹ֤ות הֶֽחָצֵר֙ חֲצֵרֹ֣ות קְטֻרֹ֔ות אַרְבָּעִ֣ים אֹ֔רֶךְ וּשְׁלֹשִׁ֖ים רֹ֑חַב מִדָּ֣ה אַחַ֔ת לְאַרְבַּעְתָּ֖ם מְהֻקְצָעֹֽות׃
In the four corners of the court were enclosed courts, forty cubits long and thirty cubits wide; one measure was for the four of them, having corners alike.
Morphology
- בְּאַרְבַּעַת (be-arbaʿat) – Root: ארבע (arbaʿ); Form: Preposition בְּ + construct numeral feminine plural; Translation: “in the four”; Notes: Introduces the number of the spatial divisions being described.
- מִקְצֹעֹות (miktsuʿot) – Root: קצע (qatsaʿ); Form: Noun masculine plural construct; Translation: “corners of”; Notes: Refers to the four angular spaces of the outer courtyard.
- הֶחָצֵר (he-ḥatser) – Root: חצר (ḥatser); Form: Definite noun feminine singular; Translation: “the court”; Notes: Refers to the temple’s large outer court area.
- חֲצֵרֹות (ḥatserot) – Root: חצר (ḥatser); Form: Noun feminine plural; Translation: “courts”; Notes: Smaller sub-courts or chambers located in each corner of the main courtyard.
- קְטֻרֹות (qeturot) – Root: קטר (qatar); Form: Passive participle feminine plural (Qal); Translation: “enclosed” or “joined together”; Notes: Describes the enclosed nature or possibly the joined structure of these smaller courts.
- אַרְבָּעִים (arbaʿim) – Root: ארבע (arbaʿ); Form: Numeral; Translation: “forty”; Notes: Measurement indicating the length of each small court in cubits.
- אֹרֶךְ (ʾorekh) – Root: ארך (ʾarakh); Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “length”; Notes: Measurement term specifying the dimension along one axis of each structure.
- וּשְׁלֹשִׁים (u-sheloshim) – Root: שלשׁ (shalosh); Form: Conjunction וְ + numeral masculine plural; Translation: “and thirty”; Notes: Provides the secondary measurement corresponding to the width of each court.
- רֹחַב (roḥav) – Root: רחב (raḥav); Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “width”; Notes: Complements “length,” describing the proportional dimensions of each structure.
- מִדָּה (middah) – Root: מדד (madad); Form: Noun feminine singular; Translation: “measure”; Notes: Refers to the standard measurement or unit applied uniformly.
- אַחַת (aḥat) – Root: אחד (eḥad); Form: Numeral feminine singular; Translation: “one”; Notes: Emphasizes consistency in dimensions among all four courts.
- לְאַרְבַּעְתָּם (le-arbaʿtam) – Root: ארבע (arbaʿ); Form: Preposition לְ + noun construct “four” + suffix 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “for the four of them”; Notes: Indicates uniformity in measurement across all four sub-courts.
- מְהֻקְצָעֹות (mehuqtsaʿot) – Root: קצע (qatsaʿ); Form: Pual participle feminine plural; Translation: “having corners alike” or “uniformly cornered”; Notes: Suggests symmetry or precise construction at each corner of the temple’s architectural layout.