וַתַּשְׁלִיכֵ֤נִי מְצוּלָה֙ בִּלְבַ֣ב יַמִּ֔ים וְנָהָ֖ר יְסֹבְבֵ֑נִי כָּל־מִשְׁבָּרֶ֥יךָ וְגַלֶּ֖יךָ עָלַ֥י עָבָֽרוּ׃
And You cast me into the deep, in the heart of the seas, and a river surrounded me; all Your breakers and Your waves passed over me.
Morphology
- וַתַּשְׁלִיכֵנִי (va-tashlikheni) – Root: שלך (shalakh); Form: Hiphil wayyiqtol (narrative past) 2ms + suffix 1cs; Translation: “And You cast me”; Notes: Yonah attributes the action directly to YHWH.
- מְצוּלָה (metsulah) – Root: צול (tsul); Form: Noun feminine singular; Translation: “the deep”; Notes: Refers to deep ocean waters.
- בִּלְבַב (bilvav) – Root: לבב (levav); Form: Preposition בְּ + noun masculine singular; Translation: “in the heart of”; Notes: Indicates central location within the seas.
- יַמִּים (yammim) – Root: ים (yam); Form: Noun masculine plural; Translation: “seas”; Notes: Plural emphasizes the overwhelming waters.
- וְנָהָר (ve-nahar) – Root: נהר (nahar); Form: Conjunction + noun masculine singular; Translation: “and a river”; Notes: May refer metaphorically to surging currents.
- יְסֹבְבֵנִי (yesoveveni) – Root: סבב (savav); Form: Qal imperfect 3ms + suffix 1cs; Translation: “surrounded me”; Notes: Describes engulfing motion of waters.
- כָּל (kol) – Root: כל (kol); Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “all”; Notes: Totality of the waves and breakers.
- מִשְׁבָּרֶיךָ (mishbarekha) – Root: שׁבר (shavar); Form: Noun masculine plural + suffix 2ms; Translation: “Your breakers”; Notes: Violent crashing waves attributed to YHWH.
- וְגַלֶּיךָ (ve-gallekha) – Root: גלל (galal); Form: Conjunction + noun masculine plural + suffix 2ms; Translation: “and Your waves”; Notes: Continues imagery of YHWH’s overwhelming waters.
- עָלַי (alay) – Root: על (ʿal); Form: Preposition עַל + suffix 1cs; Translation: “upon me”; Notes: Indicates the location of overwhelming forces.
- עָבָרוּ (avaru) – Root: עבר (avar); Form: Qal perfect 3cp; Translation: “passed over”; Notes: Describes repeated sweeping of waters over Yonah.