Psalm 12:3 (Psalm 12:2)

שָׁ֤וְא יְֽדַבְּרוּ֮ אִ֤ישׁ אֶת־רֵ֫עֵ֥הוּ שְׂפַ֥ת חֲלָקֹ֑ות בְּלֵ֖ב וָלֵ֣ב יְדַבֵּֽרוּ׃

Emptiness they speak each man with his neighbor. A lip of smoothness. With a heart and a heart they speak.

 

# Hebrew Transliteration Literal Gloss Morph Tag
1 שָׁוְא shav “emptiness” N ms
2 יְדַבְּרוּ yedabberu “they speak” Piel imperfect 3mp
3 אִישׁ ʾish “a man” N ms
4 אֶת־ ʾet (direct object marker) Particle
5 רֵעֵהוּ reʿehu “his neighbor” N ms + suff 3ms
6 שְׂפַת sefat “lip of” N fs construct
7 חֲלָקֹות ḥalaqot “smoothness” N fp
8 בְּלֵב beleiv “with a heart” Prep בְּ + N ms
9 וָלֵב valeiv “and a heart” Conj ו + N ms
10 יְדַבֵּרוּ yedabberu “they speak” Piel imperfect 3mp

 

Morphology

  1. שָׁוְא (shav) – Root: שׁוא (shav); Root Type: III-Aleph; Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “emptiness”; Notes: Often denotes vanity falsehood or deception.
  2. יְדַבְּרוּ (yedabberu) – Root: דבר (davar); Root Type: Strong; Binyan: Piel; Form: Imperfect 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “they speak”; Notes: Piel emphasizes active deliberate speech.
  3. אִישׁ (ʾish) – Root: אנשׁ (ʾnsh); Root Type: Irregular; Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “a man”; Notes: Used distributively meaning “each man.”
  4. אֶת (ʾet) – Root: —; Root Type: Particle; Form: Direct object marker; Translation: (object marker); Notes: Introduces the definite object of the verb.
  5. רֵעֵהוּ (reʿehu) – Root: רעה (rʿh); Root Type: III-He; Form: Noun masculine singular + suffix 3ms; Translation: “his neighbor”; Notes: Indicates interpersonal interaction.
  6. שְׂפַת (sefat) – Root: שׂפה (sph); Root Type: III-He; Form: Noun feminine singular construct; Translation: “lip of”; Notes: Construct relationship with the following noun.
  7. חֲלָקֹות (ḥalaqot) – Root: חלק (ḥalaq); Root Type: I-Guttural; Form: Noun feminine plural; Translation: “smoothness”; Notes: Refers to flattering or deceptive speech.
  8. בְּלֵב (beleiv) – Root: לבב (levav); Root Type: Geminate; Form: Preposition בְּ + noun masculine singular; Translation: “with a heart”; Notes: The phrase suggests inner intention.
  9. וָלֵב (valeiv) – Root: לבב (levav); Root Type: Geminate; Form: Conjunction ו + noun masculine singular; Translation: “and a heart”; Notes: The expression “heart and heart” conveys duplicity or double-mindedness.
  10. יְדַבֵּרוּ (yedabberu) – Root: דבר (davar); Root Type: Strong; Binyan: Piel; Form: Imperfect 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “they speak”; Notes: Repetition emphasizes the ongoing nature of deceptive speech.

 

This entry was posted in Psalms. Bookmark the permalink.

Comments are closed.