אַל־תִּֽהְי֤וּ כְּס֥וּס כְּפֶרֶד֮ אֵ֤ין הָ֫בִ֥ין בְּמֶֽתֶג־וָרֶ֣סֶן עֶדְיֹ֣ו לִבְלֹ֑ום בַּ֝֗ל קְרֹ֣ב אֵלֶֽיךָ׃
Do not be like a horse, like a mule, without understanding; with bit and bridle his ornament to restrain, lest he come near to you.
| # | Hebrew | Transliteration | Literal Gloss | Morph Tag |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | אַל־ | ʾal | “do not” | Negative particle (jussive) |
| 2 | תִּהְיוּ | tihyu | “you be” | Qal imperfect 2mp |
| 3 | כְּסוּס | ke-sus | “like a horse” | Prep כְּ + N(ms) |
| 4 | כְּפֶרֶד | ke-pered | “like a mule” | Prep כְּ + N(ms) |
| 5 | אֵין | ʾein | “there is not” | Negative existential |
| 6 | הָבִין | havin | “understanding” | N(ms) |
| 7 | בְּמֶתֶג־ | be-meteg | “with bit of” | Prep בְּ + N(ms) construct |
| 8 | וָרֶסֶן | va-resen | “and bridle” | Conj וָ + N(ms) |
| 9 | עֶדְיֹו | ʿedyo | “his ornament” | N(ms) + suffix 3ms |
| 10 | לִבְלֹום | livlom | “to restrain” | Prep לְ + infinitive construct |
| 11 | בַּל | bal | “lest” | Negative particle |
| 12 | קְרֹב | qerov | “come near” | Qal infinitive construct |
| 13 | אֵלֶיךָ | ʾeleikha | “to you” | Prep אֶל + suffix 2ms |
Morphology
- אַל־ (ʾal) – Root: —; Root Type: Particle; Form: Negative particle (used with jussive); Translation: “do not”; Notes: Introduces prohibition.
- תִּהְיוּ (tihyu) – Root: היה (h-y-h); Root Type: III-He; Binyan: Qal; Form: Imperfect 2nd person masculine plural; Translation: “you be”; Notes: Jussive nuance under negation.
- כְּסוּס (ke-sus) – Root: סוס (s-w-s); Root Type: Hollow (II-Waw); Form: Preposition כְּ + noun masculine singular; Translation: “like a horse”; Notes: Comparison to animal lacking understanding.
- כְּפֶרֶד (ke-pered) – Root: פרד (p-r-d); Root Type: Strong; Form: Preposition כְּ + noun masculine singular; Translation: “like a mule”; Notes: Reinforces imagery of stubbornness.
- אֵין (ʾein) – Root: —; Root Type: Particle; Form: Negative existential; Translation: “there is not”; Notes: Denotes absence.
- הָבִין (havin) – Root: בין (b-y-n); Root Type: Hollow (II-Yod); Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “understanding”; Notes: Lacking discernment.
- בְּמֶתֶג־ (be-meteg) – Root: מתג (m-t-g); Root Type: Strong; Form: Preposition בְּ + noun masculine singular construct (state: construct); Translation: “with bit of”; Notes: Instrument of control.
- וָרֶסֶן (va-resen) – Root: רסן (r-s-n); Root Type: Strong; Form: Conjunction וָ + noun masculine singular; Translation: “and bridle”; Notes: Paired with bit.
- עֶדְיֹו (ʿedyo) – Root: עדי (ʿ-d-y); Root Type: III-Yod; Form: Noun masculine singular + suffix 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “his ornament”; Notes: Equipment placed upon the animal.
- לִבְלֹום (livlom) – Root: בלם (b-l-m); Root Type: Strong; Binyan: Qal; Form: Preposition לְ + infinitive construct; Translation: “to restrain”; Notes: Purpose of the bridle.
- בַּל (bal) – Root: —; Root Type: Particle; Form: Negative particle; Translation: “lest”; Notes: Introduces negative purpose clause.
- קְרֹב (qerov) – Root: קרב (q-r-b); Root Type: Strong; Binyan: Qal; Form: Infinitive construct; Translation: “come near”; Notes: Action prevented.
- אֵלֶיךָ (ʾeleikha) – Root: —; Root Type: Preposition; Form: Preposition אֶל + suffix 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “to you”; Notes: Direction of approach.