בְּבֹ֤וא דֹּואֵ֣ג הָאֲדֹמִי֮ וַיַּגֵּ֪ד לְשָׁ֫א֥וּל וַיֹּ֥אמֶר לֹ֑ו בָּ֥א דָ֝וִ֗ד אֶל־בֵּ֥ית אֲחִימֶֽלֶךְ׃
When Doʾeg the Edomi came, and he told Shaʾul, and he said to him, “Dawid came to the house of Aḥimelekh.”
| # | Hebrew | Transliteration | Literal Gloss | Morph Tag |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | בְּבֹוא | be-voʾ | “when coming” | Prep בְּ + Qal infinitive construct |
| 2 | דֹּואֵג | Doʾeg | “Doʾeg” | Proper noun ms |
| 3 | הָאֲדֹמִי | ha-ʾAdomi | “the Edomite” | Def. art. הַ + gentilic adjective ms |
| 4 | וַיַּגֵּד | va-yagged | “and he told” | Hiphil wayyiqtol 3ms |
| 5 | לְשָׁאוּל | le-Shaʾul | “to Shaʾul” | Prep לְ + proper noun ms |
| 6 | וַיֹּאמֶר | va-yomer | “and he said” | Qal wayyiqtol 3ms |
| 7 | לֹו | lo | “to him” | Prep לְ + pronominal suffix 3ms |
| 8 | בָּא | baʾ | “came” | Qal perfect 3ms |
| 9 | דָוִד | Dawid | “Dawid” | Proper noun ms |
| 10 | אֶל־בֵּית | ʾel-bet | “to the house of” | Prep אֶל + noun ms construct |
| 11 | אֲחִימֶלֶךְ | Aḥimelekh | “Aḥimelekh” | Proper noun ms |
Morphology
- בְּבֹוא (be-voʾ) – Root: בוא (boʾ); Root Type: I-Waw; Binyan: Qal; Form: Preposition בְּ + infinitive construct; Translation: “when coming”; Notes: Introduces the temporal setting of the superscription, “when Doʾeg came.”
- דֹּואֵג (Doʾeg) – Root: דאג (d-ʾ-g); Root Type: I-Guttural (א); Form: Proper noun masculine singular; Translation: “Doʾeg”; Notes: Personal name of the individual whose report forms the historical background of the psalm.
- הָאֲדֹמִי (ha-ʾAdomi) – Root: אדם (ʾ-d-m); Root Type: I-Guttural (א); Form: Definite article הַ + gentilic adjective masculine singular; Translation: “the Edomite”; Notes: Identifies Doʾeg by ethnic or regional affiliation, that is, as belonging to Edom.
- וַיַּגֵּד (va-yagged) – Root: נגד (n-g-d); Root Type: I-Nun; Binyan: Hiphil; Form: Conjunction וַ + wayyiqtol (narrative past) 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “and he told”; Notes: The Hiphil gives the causative or declarative sense of making information known to Shaʾul.
- לְשָׁאוּל (le-Shaʾul) – Root: שאל (š-ʾ-l); Root Type: II-Guttural; Form: Preposition לְ + proper noun masculine singular; Translation: “to Shaʾul”; Notes: Marks the indirect object, the one to whom Doʾeg gave the report.
- וַיֹּאמֶר (va-yomer) – Root: אמר (ʾ-m-r); Root Type: I-Guttural (א); Binyan: Qal; Form: Conjunction וַ + wayyiqtol (narrative past) 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “and he said”; Notes: Advances the narrative from reporting in general to the specific words spoken.
- לֹו (lo) – Root: ל (le); Root Type: Particle (Strong); Form: Preposition לְ + suffix 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “to him”; Notes: Refers back to Shaʾul as the recipient of the statement.
- בָּא (baʾ) – Root: בוא (boʾ); Root Type: I-Waw; Binyan: Qal; Form: Perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “came”; Notes: States the content of Doʾeg’s report, namely Dawid’s arrival.
- דָוִד (Dawid) – Root: דוד (d-w-d); Root Type: Hollow; Form: Proper noun masculine singular; Translation: “Dawid”; Notes: The subject of the reported action, identified by name.
- אֶל־בֵּית (ʾel-bet) – Root: בית (b-y-t); Root Type: III-Yod; Form: Preposition אֶל + noun masculine singular construct (state: construct); Translation: “to the house of”; Notes: The construct form links “house” directly to the following proper name, forming a genitive relationship.
- אֲחִימֶלֶךְ (Aḥimelekh) – Root: מלך (m-l-k) within the compound name; Root Type: Strong; Form: Proper noun masculine singular; Translation: “Aḥimelekh”; Notes: Proper name of the priest whose house Dawid entered, completing the object of the prepositional phrase.