אֵ֣ת כָּל־הַדָּבָ֗ר אֲשֶׁ֤ר אָנֹכִי֙ מְצַוֶּ֣ה אֶתְכֶ֔ם אֹתֹ֥ו תִשְׁמְר֖וּ לַעֲשֹׂ֑ות לֹא־תֹסֵ֣ף עָלָ֔יו וְלֹ֥א תִגְרַ֖ע מִמֶּֽנּוּ׃ פ
The whole matter that I command you, you shall observe to do it; you shall not add to it, nor take away from it.
Morphology
- אֵ֣ת (et) – Root: את (ʾet); Form: Particle; Translation: Indicates the direct object; Notes: Refers to “the whole matter.”
- כָּל־ (kol) – Root: כל (kol); Form: Noun, masculine singular construct; Translation: “all”; Notes: Refers to the entirety of the command.
- הַדָּבָ֗ר (ha-davar) – Root: דבר (davar); Form: Noun, masculine singular with definite article; Translation: “matter”; Notes: Refers to the instructions given by God.
- אֲשֶׁ֤ר (asher) – Root: אשר (asher); Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “that”; Notes: Introduces a relative clause.
- אָנֹכִי֙ (ʾanokhi) – Root: אנך (ʾanakh); Form: Pronoun, 1st person singular; Translation: “I”; Notes: Refers to God as the speaker.
- מְצַוֶּ֣ה (metzaveh) – Root: צוה (tzavah); Form: Piel participle masculine singular; Translation: “command”; Notes: Refers to giving orders or instructions.
- אֶתְכֶ֔ם (etkhem) – Root: את (ʾet); Form: Particle with 2nd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “you”; Notes: Refers to the Israelites.
- אֹתֹ֥ו (oto) – Root: את (ʾet); Form: Particle with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “it”; Notes: Refers to the commanded matter.
- תִשְׁמְר֖וּ (tishmeru) – Root: שמר (shamar); Form: Qal imperfect 2nd person masculine plural; Translation: “you shall observe”; Notes: Refers to carefully keeping or fulfilling.
- לַעֲשֹׂ֑ות (laʿasot) – Root: עשה (ʿasah); Form: Qal infinitive construct with preposition; Translation: “to do”; Notes: Refers to carrying out the command.
- לֹא־ (lo) – Root: לא (lo); Form: Negative particle; Translation: “not”; Notes: Prohibits the following actions.
- תֹסֵ֣ף (tosef) – Root: יסף (yasaf); Form: Hifil imperfect 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “you shall add”; Notes: Prohibits adding to God’s command.
- עָלָ֔יו (alav) – Root: על (ʿal); Form: Preposition with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “to it”; Notes: Refers to the command.
- וְלֹ֥א (ve-lo) – Root: לא (lo); Form: Conjunction with negative particle; Translation: “nor”; Notes: Connects another prohibition.
- תִגְרַ֖ע (tigraʿ) – Root: גרע (garaʿ); Form: Qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “you shall take away”; Notes: Prohibits subtracting from God’s command.
- מִמֶּֽנּוּ׃ (mimmennu) – Root: מן (min); Form: Preposition with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “from it”; Notes: Refers to the command.